http://suw.biblos.pk.edu.pl/ Biblioteka Politechniki Krakowskiej lipinska@biblos.pk.edu.pl 60 Fri, 22 Sep 2023 12:03:03 +0200 Korol, Magdalena; Sikora, Elżbieta
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Abstrakt: Jabłko jest jednym z głównych owoców przetwarzanych na całym świecie, generującym ogromną ilość przemysłowych produktów ubocznych, zwanych wytłokami jabłkowymi. Wytłoki jabłkowe są źródłem cennych związków bioaktywnych wykazujących właściwości przeciwutleniające, przeciwbakteryjne, przeciwwirusowe i przeciwzapalne, w związku z czym ich potencjał zagospodarowania jest bardzo duży w różnych gałęziach przemysłu. W artykule przedstawiono sposoby wykorzystania i utylizacji wytłoków jabłkowych oraz omówiono właściwości ekstraktów roślinnych i możliwości ich zastosowania.]]> Fri, 22 Sep 2023 11:24:47 +0200 Cutillo, Enrico Alberto; Petito, Gianmarco; Bizon, Katarzyna; Continillo, Gaetano
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Abstrakt: In this work, a model-order reduction methodology based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and Galërkin projection is presented and applied to the simulation of the self-ignition of a stockpile of solid fuel. Self-ignition is a phenomenon associated with steep changes in space and time, yielding high gradients of state variables which demand grid refinement and, thus, increase of the computational burden. To cope with this difficulty, first, a full order model (FOM), generated by finite-difference discretisation of the PDEs constituting the differential model, is employed to generate reference solutions. Two different POD-based formulations are proposed: the classical POD-Galërkin is employed to generate reduced order models (ROM), then discrete empirical interpolation method (DEIM) is employed to deal with nonlinearities in a more efficient manner. These reduction techniques are further supplemented with an innovative sampling approach based on k-means clustering. The resulting agile ROM is validated against the FOM. Both model-order reduction strategies, particularly the POD-DEIM model, reproduce the FOM solutions with high accuracy and much lower computational cost: The results of the application of a combination of the DEIM algorithm and k-means clustering show that the computational time for the calculation of one solution reduces up to 1020 times, while remaining able to reproduce all bifurcation points found with the FOM, thus demonstrating quantitative and qualitative agreement.]]> Fri, 22 Sep 2023 11:08:21 +0200 Sobczak, Agnieszka; Kida, Anna; Kowalski, Zygmunt; Wzorek, Zbigniew
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Abstrakt: The paper presents the results of the calcining process of deproteinised and defatted bone pulp called bone sludge. The calcining process was performed in two stages. The first step of the calcining process was realized at the temperature of 600°C in a rotary kiln. In the second stage the obtained bone ashes were calcined at five different temperatures from 650°C to 950°C for 2 hours in a chamber kiln and in air atmosphere. The products of the calcining process were characterized by the XRD method. Calcium content was determined by titration whereas the contents of total phosphorus and acid-soluble phosphorus – by the spectrophotometric method. The X-ray analysis confirmed that hydroxyapatite is the main component of the calcining products. Calcium and phosphorus contents were kept at the level of 40% and 17.5%, respectively, which corresponded to the Ca/P ratio of not stechiometric hydroxyapatite. In vitro studies, in the simulated body fluid, Ringer liquid and distilled water were realised. The measurements of pH value of SBF and Ringer fluid were realized. Additionally electrical conductivity as well as pH for distilled water where conducted. The goal of these tests was to evaluate chemical durability of dense hydroxyapatite materials.]]> Fri, 22 Sep 2023 11:03:38 +0200 Wiechecki, J.; Krawczyk, P.; Nietubyć, R.; Romanowicz, P.; Ziemiański, D.
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: PolFEL will be the first free-electron laser facility in Poland. It will be driven with RF continuous-wave superconducting linac including an SRF injector furnished with a lead film superconducting photocathode. PolFEL will provide a wide wavelength range of electromagnetic radiation from 0.6 mm down to 60 nm. The linac will be split into three branches. Two of them will feed undulators chains dedicated for VUV, and IR radiation emission, respectively, and a single THz undulator will be settled in the third branch. The design of the THz undulator has been recently accomplished. It consists of a 1560 mm long permanent magnet structure ordered as a Halbach array of 8 periods. Large block dimensions, gap flux zeroing at full opening and 0.5 THz – 5 THz wavelengths range imposed on the undulator significantly influenced the final shape of the device, including block holders, girders and frame robustness unto magnetic forces, and hindered manufacturing and assembling processes. The following publication presents the challenges and solutions that were accompanying the conceptual phase. ]]> Fri, 22 Sep 2023 10:34:58 +0200 Sobczak, Agnieszka; Kida, Anna; Kowalski, Zygmunt; Wzorek, Zbigniew
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: The method of obtaining hydroxyapatite by thermal treatment of deproteinised and defatted bone pulp called bone sludge was presented. The products of the calcining process were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The calcium content was determined with titration, whereas the contents of total phosphorus - with a spectrophotomertric method. X-ray investigations confirmed that hydroxyapatite was the main component of the calcining products in the calcining process.The FT-IR spectra confirmed that all organic substances were removed during the calcining process. On the basis of the research into physiological liquids the propensity to resorption of hydroxyapatite bioceramic was evaluated.]]> Fri, 22 Sep 2023 10:34:16 +0200 Pietryka, Izabela
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
]]> Fri, 22 Sep 2023 10:29:47 +0200 Kędzierska, M.; Drabczyk, A.; Kudłacik-Kramarczyk, S.; Bańkosz, M.; Tyliszczak, B.
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: Hydrogels belong to the group of nontoxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible polymers, which recently play an increasingly important role in the biomaterials market. Among their unique properties such may be mentioned as an ability to reversibly absorb liquids, and possibility of their easy modification with various substances of synthetic or natural origin. Growing interest in the use of proteins in the preparation of hydrogel composites or nanocomposites is recently observed. Proteins belong to the group of organic compounds occurring in every living cell. They are composed of amino acids and show bioactivity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Thus protein-based hydrogel nanocomposites seem to be promising materials with a great application potential in medicine and related fields. Such proteins are considered, for example, collagen, gelatin, keratin, or fibroin. In this chapter, examples of such nanocomposites have been presented while a main attention was paid primarily to their synthesis methodology, properties, and potential application.]]> Fri, 22 Sep 2023 10:25:08 +0200 Lipiński, Tomasz; Pietraszek, Jacek
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: Metal alloys working in real conditions are exposed to aggressive environments. The degree of aggressiveness of the environment may vary. Therefore, various construction materials are used to build machines and devices. One of the groups of materials widely used in industry are low-carbon steels. They owe their popularity mainly to the low price and relatively good technological and functional properties. These steels usually work in a low-aggressive environment. Pipelines are a typical application for low carbon steels. Pipelines are protected from corrosion on the outside, while the inside (working side) is not protected. One of the media in the pipelines is a liquid with a low concentration of NaCl. Pipelines are usually located underground, so their operating temperature is almost constant in the annual cycle and amounts to approx. 10 ºC. Taking the above into account, tests were carried out on one of the most frequently used steel grades, P235TR2, for the construction of pipelines. The tests were carried out at a temperature of 10 ºC in a 10% NaCl aqueous solution. After preparation, the samples were soaked in a corrosive solution for up to 432 hours. Corrosion loss was determined by the gravimetric method. Relative corrosion and corrosion rate of steel in the tested medium were calculated. On the basis of the tests carried out, it was found that P235TR2 steel has good corrosion resistance in the environment of 10% NaCl at 10 ºC. The corrosion was divided into two stages. In the first, a slow progress of the corrosion process was noted, in the second, a gradual increase in the corrosion rate was noted. The increase in the corrosion rate is the result of the surface development that occurs as a result of corrosion. With the possibility of contact of the corrosive medium with a larger surface, even with the constant impact of the corrosive agent, there is a greater corrosion loss, which translates into an increase in the rate of corrosion.]]> Fri, 22 Sep 2023 10:17:53 +0200 Lipiński, Tomasz; Pietraszek, Jacek
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: Hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloys called hypoeutectic silumins have been used for foundry structural elements. Their properties depend directly on the microstructure. They are one of the few metal alloys that are characterized by a simultaneous increase in strength and elongation. This is possible by changing the shape of the eutectic silicon precipitates from the lamellar form to the dendritic or, less frequently, spheroidal form. Hard and at the same time brittle silicon plates are natural notches occurring in silumins. They are also places of nucleation and development of microcracks leading to the destruction of the material. Modification of the shape of this unfavourable phase to an oval shape leads to an increase in the properties of the alloy. A number of silumin modification processes are known in the literature. These processes can be divided into technological ones, in which the geometric form of eutectic silicon is changed, e.g. by controlling the crystallization of the alloy by means of a temperature gradient. The second group of processes are chemical modification processes. During these processes, chemical additives introduced into the liquid alloy by affecting the crystallization process cause changes in the microstructure. The influence of a very large number of chemical elements on the alloy crystallization process is known. Unfortunately, among so many reports, there is contradictory information about the impact of individual additives. In this work, it was decided to check the repeatability of the test results found in the literature in other technological conditions. Typical hypoeutectic silumin containing 7% silicon with the addition of magnesium was tested. The alloy was modified only with antimony and a double modification consisting in modification with strontium and then with antimony was carried out. The contents of antimony and strontium were taken from the literature. As a result of the tests, it was noticed that the addition of antimony leads to the modification of the microstructure, and thus to the increase of the mechanical properties of the alloy. After double modification with strontium and then with antimony, changes in mechanical properties oscillating around the measurement error were obtained. It can therefore be assumed that modification of the alloy with antimony after prior permanent modification with strontium is not very effective.]]> Fri, 22 Sep 2023 10:05:58 +0200 Lisowska, Aleksandra; Sanecki, Henryk; Szkoda, Maciej
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: This paper presents a simulation method for testing the energy absorbed by the absorption systems of rail vehicles equipped with a soft absorber. The method makes it possible to verify the actual behavior of the absorption system during the impact of two vehicles. The first part of this paper describes the structural elements of a railway vehicle performing the function of an energy absorber during an impact according to the EN 15227 standard. A soft absorber, the so-called honeycomb, is analyzed in detail. It is a multicellular structure often used in rail vehicles due to its properties of controlled deformation. The literature review describes the research conducted on this element. The analytical part of this paper describes a general mathematical model of a rail vehicle collision according to Scenario 1, in which the collided vehicles are of the same type, and Scenario 2 for vehicles of different types. A computational impact simulation for the two scenarios has been carried out using the specialist software Mathcad, and the results are presented in graphs. The paper ends with conclusions presenting the application possibilities of the developed tool.]]> Fri, 22 Sep 2023 09:46:30 +0200 Gorazda, Katarzyna; Kominko, Halyna; Nowak, Anna K.; Wiśniak, Adam
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: The rapid, high increase in production costs and prices of mineral fertilizers leads to a reduction in their use by farmers, while fertilizer manufacturers consider the use of alternative raw materials and reducing the energy consumption of fertilizer production processes. Given these circumstances, special attention is warranted for suspension fertilizers. The manufacturing of suspension fertilizers is simplified and less energy intensive in comparison with solid fertilizers. This is achieved by omitting certain production stages such as granulation, drying, sifting, which usually contribute to more than half of the production costs. This paper presents the production procedure of suspension fertilizers tailored for cabbage cultivation, utilizing alternative raw materials such as sewage sludge ash and poultry litter ash. The final products are thoroughly characterized. The obtained fertilizers were rich in main nutrients (ranging from 23.38% to 30.60% NPK) as along with secondary nutrients and micronutrients. Moreover, they adhere to the stipulated standards concerning heavy metal content as outlined in the European Fertilizer Regulation. A distribution analysis has showed that suspension fertilizers contain nutrients in both liquid and solid phases. This arrangement facilitates their easy availability for plants and subsequent release upon dissolution in soil conditions. To assess process consistency, the production of the most promising fertilizer was upscaled. A preliminary technological and economic analysis was also conducted. The method of producing suspension fertilizers using alternative raw materials is a simple waste management solution offering nutrient recycling with the principles of circular economy. This approach not only encourages nutrient recycling but also curtails reliance on imported raw materials.]]> Fri, 22 Sep 2023 09:05:07 +0200 Krok, Dominika; Tomal, Wiktoria; Knight, Alexander J.; Tartakovskii, Alexander I.; Farr, Nicholas T.H.; Kasprzyk, Wiktor; Ortyl, Joanna
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: In this work, different types of carbon dots (CDs) based on citric acid as a precursor were synthesized using an efficient procedure to purify these materials from low molecular by-products and fluorophores. Their structural and optical characteristics were elaborated and compared to commercially available graphene quantum dots. The mechanism of their action in photopolymerization processes was evaluated. Obtained materials proved to perform well in the development of effective photoinitiating systems for 3D printing applications. The morphology and chemical composition of obtained hydrogel printouts were profoundly characterized via SEM, AFM, Nano-FTIR, and s-SNOM.]]> Fri, 22 Sep 2023 08:34:28 +0200 Zielińska, Sonia; Korbut, Aleksandra; Piszko, Paweł; Gazińska, Małgorzata; Kryszak, Bartłomiej; Szustakiewicz, Konrad; Włodarczyk, Marcin; Szwed-Georgiou, Aleksandra; Rudnicka, Karolina; Płociński, Przemysław; Sobczak-Kupiec, Agnieszka; Biernat, Monika
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
]]> Fri, 22 Sep 2023 07:43:11 +0200 Twardowski, Mariusz
rodzaj: książka
]]> Thu, 21 Sep 2023 14:33:26 +0200 Rudalska, Weronika; Machczyński, Mariusz; Prociak, Aleksander
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: Elewacyjne cienkowarstwowe tynki dyspersyjne nieustannie poddawane są negatywnemu wpływowi czynników zewnętrznych, znacznie zmniejszających ich trwałości. Oprócz zanieczyszczeń powietrza, wilgotności i temperatury, jednym z ważniejszych czynników destrukcyjnych dla tynków polimerowych jest promieniowanie słoneczne. W ramach niniejszej pracy przebadano zależność absorpcji energii słonecznej od barwy polimerowych wypraw tynkarskich. W celu dokładnego określenia zdolności absorbowania energii słonecznej, stosując spektrofotometry UV/VIS/NIR przeprowadzono pomiary absorpcji światła przez powłokę tynkarską (materiał referencyjny) oraz jej mieszaniny z wybranymi pastami pigmentowymi w stężeniach umożliwiających uzyskanie pełnego spectrum danych analitycznych.]]> Thu, 21 Sep 2023 14:13:04 +0200 Puszczykowska, Natalia; Fiedurek, Kacper; Lisewska, Daria; Mazuryk, Alicja; Kurańska, Maria; Janczak, Katarzyna
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: W ramach projektu, w którym podjęto temat opracowania bioproduktu do przyspieszania kompostowania tworzyw biodegradowalnych wytypowano czynniki aktywne tj. bakterie i enzymy o potencjale do przyspieszania rozkładu polilaktydu (PLA). W celu zapewnienia im przetrwania w warunkach kompostowania niezbędne jest opracowanie odpowiedniego nośnika z całkowicie biodegradowalnych składników. W ramach prac wytworzono granulat skrobiowy stanowiący początkowe źródło węgla dla inokulum, które stanowią liofilizaty wprowadzane do środowiska kompostu.]]> Thu, 21 Sep 2023 13:49:56 +0200 Prociak, Tomasz; Bogdał, Dariusz; Kubik, Mark; Długosz, Olga
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: W niniejszej pracy badawczej przeprowadzono modyfikację poliuretanowych pianek lepkosprężystych, poprzez wprowadzenie do ich struktury dodatków napełniających. W celu uzyskania materiału o poprawionych właściwościach fizykomechanicznych, w porównaniu z materiałem referencyjnym, zastosowano trzy rodzaje napełniaczy: mikrocelulozę, biel tytanową (TiO2) oraz stearynian wapnia (StCa). Materiały modyfikowano napełniaczami w ilości od 0,5%mas. do 2%mas. Jednoczesne zachowanie pozostałych parametrów użytkowych pianek na dobrym poziomie było niezwykle istotne. Wpływ testowanych napełniaczy na wybrane właściwości otrzymanych poliuretanów porowatych, określono na podstawie wyników analizy procesu spieniania, gęstości pozornej, cech wytrzymałościowych i akustycznych, oraz poprzez ocenę procentowej zawartości komórek zamkniętych.]]> Thu, 21 Sep 2023 12:35:45 +0200 Molodid, Oleksandr; Molodid, Olena; Musiiaka, Ivan; Benderskyi, Sergii; Kozakova, Olena; Dmytrenko, Andrii; Bigaj, Przemysław
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: The article describes the work carried out during 2021 – 2022 on the condition survey of building facades in the so-called historical Bessarabian quarter in Kyiv. The purpose of the survey is to identify defects and damage that were acquired during the operation of the facades and can reduce their durability. The following methods were used: visual – when determining the technical condition of structures based on external features; analytical – when assessing the technical condition of the surveyed object, instrumental – when studying the physical and mechanical indicators of structures. Based on the received survey data, recommendations were formulated regarding the facade restoration technology. It is recommended to focus specifically on the method of dismantling the existing decorative layers of the facade and replacing them with new ones. This approach will maximally extend the service life of the facade of the historic building.]]> Thu, 21 Sep 2023 11:13:27 +0200 Abramczyk, Magdalena; Krzysztoń, Janusz; Windak, Adam; Jóźwiak, Jacek; Tomasik, Tomasz
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Introduction and Objective. Architecture and design solutions profile the environment and living conditions in residential housing and may have an impact on health. The aim of the study was to summarise all published systematic reviews (SRs) with or without meta-analysis (MAs), which assess the effect on cardiovascular disease (CVD) of the architecture, design and physical environment in residential buildings. Materials and method. This study presents the rationale and protocol of an overview of SRs. It was prepared according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). Four bibliographical databases will be searched. Eligible SRs can include RCTs, quasi-RCTs and observational studies. Results and Summery. The expected results of the completed overview of SRs will comprehensively summarise evidence concerning the influence of residential environment on cardiovascular health. This might be of importance to physicians, architects, public health professionals and politicians.]]> Thu, 21 Sep 2023 10:01:47 +0200 Malarz, Roman; Szafarczyk, Anna
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w czasopiśmie
]]> Wed, 20 Sep 2023 13:32:45 +0200 Pilch, Maciej; Kiesiewicz, Dawid; Jamróz, Paweł; Noworyta, Małgorzata; Ortyl, Joanna
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: Photocurable resins for 3D printing are characterized by the fact that the polymerization process is initiated by light in the ultraviolet range. The most common are resins polymerizing under the influence of light with a wavelength of 405nm. These resins are used for 3D printing in DLP (Di-gital Light Processing), LCD (Liquid-crystal Display) or SLA (Stereolithography) technology. The research described in this paper consisted in examining the possibility of curing photocurable re-sins in an aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate(VI) using a laser beam at various levels of im-mersion of the sample under the liquid surface in order to obtain a fully cured layer of a previously designed inscription with a satisfactory resolution. The selected model photocurable resins consisted of the commercial monomer EBECRYL 600, Bis-GMA (bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate) and the photoinitiator TPO (diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide). The photopolymerization process was carried out using a LaserPecker 1 laser engraving machine (405nm, max. 500mW). Exemplary inscriptions made of solution-hardened resin were scanned using an OLYMPUS DSX1000 microscope. As the analysis of the obtained scans showed, the re-sin based on the EBECRYL 600 monomer is better suited for 3D printing in the environment of aqueous electrolyte solutions in relation to the resin based on Bis-GMA.]]> Wed, 20 Sep 2023 12:58:18 +0200 Ortyl, Joanna; Krok, Dominika
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: Obecnie procesy fotopolimeryzacji są wykorzystywane w wielu gałęziach przemysłu a także w medycynie ze względu na szereg zalet, które posiadają. Produkcja materiałów polimerowych za pomocą tej metody bardzo się rozwija i jest szeroko rozpowszechniona. Zalety jakie posiadają procesy inicjowane fotochemicznie to małe zużycie energii, duża szybkość a także proekologiczność. Ponadto procesy te mogą być przeprowadzane w temperaturze pokojowej. Zastosowanie procesów fotopolimeryzacji to przede wszystkim produkcja fotoutwardzalnych lakierów i powłok polimerowych. Jednak obecnie szeroko rozwinięte jest także zastosowanie fotopolimeryzacji w medycynie i stomatologii a także inżynierii tkankowej. Odmiennym kierunkiem zastosowań procesów inicjowanych światłem jest wykorzystanie ich do druku 3D. Ważną rolę odgrywają tutaj metody takie jak SLA czy też DLP. Prezentowane badania obejmowały syntezę oraz oczyszczanie kropek węglowych a następnie opracowanie wydajnych systemów inicjujących procesy fotopolimeryzacji. Aspektem aplikacyjnym było otrzymanie hydrożeli polimerowych metodą druku 3D.]]> Wed, 20 Sep 2023 12:18:53 +0200 Kandukuri, Usha Rani; Prakash, Allam Jaya; Patro, Kiran Kumar; Neelapu, Bala Chakravarthy; Tadeusiewicz, Ryszard; Pławiak, Paweł
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a long-term sleep disorder that causes temporary disruption in breathing while sleeping. Polysomnography (PSG) is the technique for monitoring different signals during the patient’s sleep cycle, including electroencephalogram (EEG), electromyography (EMG), electrocardiogram (ECG), and oxygen saturation (SpO2). Due to the high cost and inconvenience of polysomnography, the usefulness of ECG signals in detecting OSA is explored in this work, which proposes a two-dimensional convolutional neural network (2D-CNN) model for detecting OSA using ECG signals. A publicly available apnea ECG database from PhysioNet is used for experimentation. Further, a constant Q-transform (CQT) is applied for segmentation, filtering, and conversion of ECG beats into images. The proposed CNN model demonstrates an average accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 91.34%, 90.68% and 90.70%, respectively. The findings obtained using the proposed approach are comparable to those of many other existing methods for automatic detection of OSA.]]> Wed, 20 Sep 2023 12:11:43 +0200 Malewska, Elżbieta; Kurańska, Maria; Prociak, Aleksander
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: Prezentowane badania dotyczyły prowadzenia recyklingu chemicznego sztywnych pianek poliuretanowych poprzez reakcję chemolizy, w której czynnikiem upłynniającym był specjalnie w tym celu przygotowany biopoliol. Recyklingowi poddano 4 rodzaje sztywnych pianek poliuretanowych otrzymanych z zastosowaniem poliolu petrochemicznego oraz biopolioli otrzymanych różnymi metodami. Otrzymane rebiopoliole scharakteryzowano, a w następnym etapie otrzymano z ich udziałem otwartokomórkowe poliuretanowe materiały piankowe.]]> Wed, 20 Sep 2023 11:49:58 +0200 Korbut, Aleksandra; Zielińka, Sonia; Piszko, Paweł; Gazińska, Małgorzata; Włodarczyk, Marcin; Szwed-Georgiou, Aleksandra; Rudnicka, Karolina; Płociński, Przemysław; Sobczak-Kupiec, Agnieszka; Tymowicz-Grzyb, Paulina; Biernat, Monika; Szustakiewicz, Konrad
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczące wytwarzania włóknistych materiałów polimerowych i kompozytowych metodą elektroprzędzenia. Włókniny otrzymano z mieszaniny dwóch polimerów: poli(L-laktydu) oraz poli(sebacynianu glicerolu), dodatkowo w przypadku włókien kompozytowych, jako napełniacz zastosowano cząstki apatytowe. W pracy przyjęto dwie koncepcje sieciowania wytworzonych mat: termiczne oraz chemiczne z użyciem dwóch środków sieciujących z grupy diizocyjanianów. ]]> Wed, 20 Sep 2023 10:56:30 +0200 Kiesiewicz, Dawid; Jamróz, Paweł; Pilch, Maciej; Ortyl, Joanna
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: owa technologia druku 3D do wytwarzania materiałów hybrydowych metal-tworzywo polimerowe wykorzystuje dwie techniki druku. Jedna z nich polega na przyroście struktur wielowarstwowych z metalu z wykorzystaniem techniki elektroosadzania. Druga polega na ekstruzji żywicy fotoutwardzalnej oraz utwardzaniu jej za pomocą światła ultrafioletowego. Powstałe wydruki powinny się cechować silnymi właściwościami adhezyjnymi na granicy metal-tworzywo polimerowe. W przedstawionych badaniach porównano właściwości adhezyjne żywic akrylanowych do miedzianych blaszek o różnych strukturach powierzchni oraz wpływu szybkości polimeryzacji żywic fotoutwardzalnych na właściwości adhezyjne. ]]> Wed, 20 Sep 2023 10:09:08 +0200 Jamróz, Paweł; Kiesiewicz, Dawid; Pilch, Maciej; Ortyl, Joanna
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: Celem niniejszej pracy badawczej było zbadanie kinetyki fotopolimeryzacji żywic polimerowych, których głównymi składnikami były trimetakrylan trimetylolopropanu TMPTMA, diakrylan epoksydowy bisfenolu A EBECRYL® 600 oraz metakrylan bisfenolu A-glicydylu Bis-GMA, użytym fotoinicjatorem był tlenek difenylo(2,4,6-trimetylobenzoilo)fosfiny TPO. Kompozycję domieszkowano dodatkowo sensorem fluorescencyjnym z grupy kompleksów europu(III) o akronimie MP14. Kinetykę badano w roztworze elektrolitu jakim był siarczan(VI) miedzi(II), przy zastosowaniu specjalistycznej aparatury wykorzystującej technologię sond fluorescencyjnych (ang. Fluorescence Probe Technology FPT).]]> Wed, 20 Sep 2023 09:08:19 +0200 Czub, Piotr; Sienkiewicz, Anna
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań nad możliwością użycia izosorbidu w reakcji poliaddycji z epoksydowanym olejem sojowym, a następnie nad zastosowaniem produktu reakcji jako modyfikatora do żywic epoksydowych na bazie bisfenolu A, zwiększającego ich elastyczność i udarność. Epoksydowany olej sojowy poddano reakcji z izosorbidem, prowadzonej w masie, metodą stapiania, wobec chlorku litu jako katalizatora. Otrzymany produkt poliaddycji został zastosowany (w ilości 5, 10, 15 i 20% wag.) do modyfikacji małocząsteczkowej dianowej żywicy epoksydowej Epidian 6. Kompozycje utwardzono izoforonodiaminą, a następnie zbadano wybrane właściwości mechaniczne (wytrzymałość na statyczne rozciąganie, zginanie i ściskanie, a także udarność i twardość) otrzymanych materiałów. Stwierdzono, że modyfikacja produktem reakcji oleju sojowego z izosorbidem powoduje zwiększenie wytrzymałości na rozciąganie oraz udarności żywicy bez znacznego pogorszenia pozostałych parametrów wytrzymałościowych.]]> Wed, 20 Sep 2023 08:36:55 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Wed, 20 Sep 2023 08:31:30 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Wed, 20 Sep 2023 08:28:01 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Wed, 20 Sep 2023 08:23:54 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Wed, 20 Sep 2023 07:53:27 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Tue, 19 Sep 2023 14:13:21 +0200 Czyczuła, Włodzimierz; Derkowski, Wit; Chudyba, Łukasz
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Trwałość elementów nawierzchni kolejowej jest jednym z głównych parametrów techniczno-ekonomicznej i środowiskowej oceny konstrukcji drogi kolejowej. Zastosowanie odpowiednich materiałów, sprawdzonych konstrukcji oraz technologii wytwarzania daje gwarancje użycia produktów o najwyższej jakości, które zapewnią bezpieczeństwo ruchu pociągów i niski poziom oddziaływania na środowisko.]]> Tue, 19 Sep 2023 14:01:54 +0200 Czub, Piotr; Ptasznik, Aleksandra; Sienkiewicz, Anna
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań nad możliwością zastosowania pochodnych kwasu cytrynowego jako utwardzaczy do żywic epoksydowych. Pochodne otrzymano w reakcji nadmiaru kwasu z wybranymi diolami: 1,3-propanodiolem i 1,4-butanodiolem, prowadzonej wobec chlorku cyny(II) jako katalizatora. Otrzymane produkty zastosowano do usieciowania małocząsteczkowej dianowej żywicy epoksydowej Epidian 6. Utwardzanie prowadzono w podwyższonej temperaturze, najpierw przez 1 godzinę w temp. 80oC, a później przez 7 godzin w temp. 120oC, a po procesie dotwardzania w temp. 80oC (przez 24 godziny), zbadano wybrane właściwości mechaniczne (wytrzymałość na rozciąganie, zginanie i ściskanie, twardość Shore’a i Rockwell’a, udarność oraz odbojność) usieciowanych kompozycji. Stwierdzono, że zsyntezowane pochodne estrowe kwasu cytrynowego mogą z powodzeniem zostać zastosowane jako utwardzacze do żywic epoksydowych, zapewniające im dużą wytrzymałość mechaniczną i udarność.]]> Tue, 19 Sep 2023 13:51:24 +0200 Majka, Tomasz M.
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: The future is the recovery of the filler and its reuse in hybrid materials. It is important that as a result of recycling, the filler does not lose its properties, but acquires new ones. The aim of this research work was to investigate the effect of filler recovered by pyrolysis on the flammability of poly(ethylene terephthalate) and recycled PET. It was important to obtain a flammability class higher or equal to the pure PET and RPET matrix. Flammability tests carried out using the UL94, LOI, and PCFC methods allowed perform a first characterization of the properties of materials during their combustion. These studies show that it becomes possible to give specific functional properties to recycled fillers.]]> Tue, 19 Sep 2023 13:48:58 +0200 Majka, Tomasz M.; Ostrowski, Krzysztof Adam; Piechaczek, Marcin
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Due to the growing need to recycle plastics, new possibilities for their reuse are intensively sought. In the Asian market, waste polymers are increasingly used to modify road bitumen. This solution is beneficial in many aspects, especially in economic and ecological terms. In this work, recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (RPET), obtained from storage points located in Lesser Poland, was subjected to material recycling, and its properties were examined using three analyses: differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The most important point of this research was the selection of conditions for obtaining modified asphalt mixtures through the addition of RPET. Subsequently, the effect of the polymer on the properties of road bitumens was assessed on the basis of penetration tests, softening point, elastic recovery, and structure. In the last stage of our research work, asphalt mixtures with the addition of modified waste PET (PMA) containing mineral filler in the form of basalt dust were obtained. The properties of the obtained mineral–polymer–asphalt mixtures were compared in terms of frost resistance, structure, and abrasion resistance with the properties of mineral–asphalt mixtures that were taken from damaged road surfaces in four points in the city of Tarnów (Lesser Poland) in the winter of 2022. It has been shown that the modification of road bitumen with the use of recyclate and mineral filler has a significant impact on its performance properties.]]> Tue, 19 Sep 2023 12:52:31 +0200 Ciesielski, Wojciech; Kołoczek, Henryk; Oszczęda, Zdzisław; Oszczęda, Wiktor; Soroka, Jacek A.; Tomasik, Piotr
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Background: Recognising effects of static magnetic field (SMF) of varying flux density on flora and fauna is attempted. For this purpose, the influence of static magnetic field is studied for molecules of five complex lipids i.e. such as β-carotene, sphingosine, ceramide, cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine. Methods: Computations of the effect of real SMF 0.0, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 AMFU (Arbitrary Magnetic Field Unit; here 1AMFU > 1000 T) flux density were performed in silico (computer vacuum), involving advanced computational methods. Results: SMF polarises molecules depending on applied flux density. Only β-carotene survives exposure to SMF of 10 and 100 AMFU without radical splitting of some valence bonds. Molecules of remaining lipids suffered radical cleavage of some bonds on exposure to SMF of 10 and 100 AMFU. Manipulation with applied flux density provides either inhibition or stimulation of biological functions of the lipids under study. Conclusions: SMF destabilises complex lipids to the extent depending applied flux density. Biological functions of β-carotene are fairly sensitive to SMF, whereas only slight response to the effect of SMF is observed in case of sphingosine, ceramide and cholesterol. Enzymatic hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine is stimulated by SMF regardless of the catalysed enzyme employed.]]> Tue, 19 Sep 2023 12:37:30 +0200 Buczek, Michał; Paszek, Martyna; Szafarczyk, Anna
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
]]> Tue, 19 Sep 2023 12:18:43 +0200 Tabaka, Przemysław; Ściężor, Tomasz
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: W pracy zaprezentowano wyniki pomiarów wertykalnego natężenia oświetlenia z wykorzystaniem 21 różnych luksomierzy oraz spektroradiometru z funkcją pomiaru natężenia oświetlania. Wybrane do badań mierniki charakteryzują się różną jakością oraz ceną i są pewną próbką fotometrów dostępnych na rynku. Pomiary przeprowadzono w terenie, na przełomie maja i czerwca 2023 roku, po zapadnięciu zmroku. Głowicę fotometryczną luksomierza umieszczono na pionowej powierzchni okna budynków mieszkalnych w Zgierzu i Krakowie. Pomiary uzupełniono rejestracją charakterystyki spektralnej promieniowania emitowanego w kierunku analizowanego okna. Analizując uzyskane wyniki przeprowadzonych pomiarów można dostrzec rozbieżności w zarejestrowanych przez poszczególne fotometry wartościach wertykalnego natężenia oświetlenia. Różnica pomiędzy maksymalną a minimalną wartością zmierzonego natężenia oświetlenia na powierzchni tego samego okna jest znaczna. Oznacza to, że rodzaj użytego luksomierza ma istotny wpływ na uzyskaną wartość wertykalnego natężenia oświetlenia. W praktyce może to być źródłem błędnych wniosków zamieszczanych w opracowaniach dotyczących oceny światła przeszkadzającego.]]> Tue, 19 Sep 2023 12:16:27 +0200 Szafarczyk, Anna; Gawałkiewicz, Rafał
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
]]> Tue, 19 Sep 2023 12:10:25 +0200 Ściężor, Tomasz
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: W pracy przedstawiono wstępne wyniki badań poziomu zanieczyszczenia świetlnego w formie sztucznej poświaty niebieskiej na obszarze Beskidu Małego w Karpatach Zachodnich. Obszar ten, jak dotąd nie objęty tego typu analizą, jest interesujący dla badanego zagadnienia, gdyż znajduje się pomiędzy tak silnymi centrami zanieczyszczenia światłem, jakimi są Aglomeracja Krakowska i Aglomeracja Śląska z jednej strony, a częściowo chronionym świetlnie obszarem Beskidu Żywieckiego. Niezależnie od pomiarów mobilnych, ustawiono stacjonarne punkty pomiarowe na północnych stokach wymienionego pasma, opodal głównych ośrodków miejskich w tym rejonie: Wadowic, Andrychowa i Bielska-Białej. W celu oceny wielkości zanieczyszczenia świetlnego wykorzystano zarówno dane satelitarne z ostatnich dziesięciu lat, jak też dane pomiarowe jasności łuny świetlnej nocnego nieba otrzymane przy pomocy mierników SQM, w różnych warunkach atmosferycznych. Stwierdzono, że sztuczne światło emitowane z obszarów wymienionych miast, jak również ich satelitarnych miejscowości, wkracza głęboko w obszary górskie Beskidu Małego, jednak w mniejszym stopniu, niż sugerowałyby to wartości modelowe. Ponadto stwierdzono, że stopień penetracji światła w tego rodzaju obszary silnie zależy od warunków atmosferycznych. W warunkach bezchmurnego nieba zasięg ten jest bardzo duży, jednak jasność łuny świetlnej jest wtedy niewielka. Przy pełnym zachmurzeniu jasność łuny świetlnej jest wysoka, niewątpliwie mogąc wpływać na lokalne ekosystemy, jednak penetracja światła ogranicza się wtedy do bezpośredniego sąsiedztwa miejscowości. Planowane jest ustanowienie dalszych punktów pomiarowych na badanym terenie, co powinno pomóc rozwiązać problem wpływu ukształtowania terenu na modelowe przewidywania jasności łuny świetlnej.]]> Tue, 19 Sep 2023 11:53:26 +0200 Węc, Klaudia
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: The article deals with the interpretation of the subject's activity in the context of Jacques Lacan's psychoanalysis. The primary goal is to show the difference between the educational process understood in three cognitive perspectives: as adaptation to reality, assimilation of reality, and the construction of reality. The considerations are carried out in the perspective of emancipatory discourse delineating the field of development of the subject along with the its inherent right to resist the transmissiveness of culture distorting its identity.]]> Tue, 19 Sep 2023 11:03:55 +0200 Zemła, Marcin; Kurańska, Maria; Prociak, Aleksander
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: Rebiopoliole otrzymano w wyniku glikolizy odpadów sztywnych pianek poliuretanowych, wytworzonych z różnym udziałem biopoliolu z oleju rzepakowego. Następnie uzyskanie rebiopoliole zastosowano w syntezie nowych sztywnych pianek poliuretanowych. Określono wpływ rebiopolioli na proces spieniania i inne wybrane właściwości użytkowe sztywnych pianek poliuretanowych.]]> Tue, 19 Sep 2023 10:30:02 +0200 Michałowski, Sławomir; Kurańska, Maria; Śmietana, Klaudia; Zemła, Marcin; Prociak, Aleksander
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: Bio-poliole z oleju rzepakowego otrzymano metodą epoksydacji i otwarcia pierścieni oksiranowych, transestryfikacji trietanoloaminą oraz transestryfikacji glikolem dietylenowym. Analizowano wpływ rodzaju biopoliolu na proces spieniania kompozycji poliuretanowej, w której od 25 do 100% mas. poliolu petrochemicznego zastąpiono wybranym bio-poliolem. Badano także wpływ bio-polioli na wybrane właściwości użytkowe porowatych materiałów poliuretanowych. Stwierdzono, że wraz ze zwiększeniem zawartości biopoliolu w kompozycji poliuretanowej, gęstość pozorna oraz wytrzymałość na ściskanie zmodyfikowanych pianek zmniejszyła się. Częściowe zastąpienie poliolu petrochemicznego bio-poliolem pozwoliło na zmniejszenie współczynnika przewodzenia ciepła materiału piankowego.]]> Tue, 19 Sep 2023 10:02:51 +0200 Kurańska, Maria; Kucała, Michał; Malewska, Elżbieta; Zemła, Marcin; Michałowski, Sławomir; Prociak, Aleksander
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: Nowe komponenty poliolowe do syntezy poliuretanoów – rebiopoliole otrzymano w wyniku reakcji chemolizy biopianek poliuretanowych otrzymanych z biopolioli o różnej strukturze chemicznej. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, że struktura chemiczna biopolioli użytych do syntezy, biopianek poliuretanowych ma wpływ na przebieg procesu ich chemolizy oraz wybrane właściwości otrzymanego rebiopoliolu. Ponadto, zawartość biopolioli w recyklowanym biopoliuretanie również wpływa na wybrane właściwości rebiopolioli.]]> Tue, 19 Sep 2023 09:22:52 +0200 Kucała, Michał; Kurańska, Maria; Malewska, Elżbieta; Prociak, Aleksander
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: Sztywne pianki poliuretanowe otrzymane z surowców petrochemicznych oraz z różnymi udziałami masowymi biopoliolu poddano procesowi recyklingu chemicznego. Recykling chemiczny sztywnych pianek poliuretanowych prowadzono metodą glikolizy. Zastosowano różne udziały masowe pianki recyklingowanej względem czynnika glikolizującego. Zbadano także wpływ udziału masowego katalizatora oraz czasu prowadzenia glikolizy na właściwości otrzymanych recyklatów. Oznaczono m. in. liczbę hydroksylową, liczbę aminową, procentową zawartość wody oraz przeprowadzono analizę chromatograficzną otrzymanych rebiopolioli. Stwierdzono, że wybrane właściwości recyklatów sztywnych pianek poliuretanowych modyfikowanych biopoliolemi są zbliżone do właściwości recyklatów pianki referencyjnej.]]> Tue, 19 Sep 2023 08:40:21 +0200 Petelenz, Małgorzata
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: W Polsce wciąż można zauważyć nowopowstające inwestycje architektoniczne związane z pamięcią II wojny światowej. Wyjątkową rolę w tej dziedzinie pełnią współczesne muzea pamięci, które łączą nie tylko bogaty program funkcjonalny, ale i niejednokrotnie charakteryzują się spektakularną architekturą. Mają także istotny wpływ na funkcjonowanie otaczającej przestrzeni, w małej i dużej skali. Przebadano dziesięć przykładów muzeów pamięci pod kątem korelacji między ich cechami związanymi z: lokalizacją, profilem muzeum oraz charakterem przestrzeni otaczającej. Celem badania było zdiagnozowanie możliwych strategii aktywizacji obszarów obciążonych trudnymi wydarzeniami historycznymi, co zostało opisane we wnioskach.]]> Tue, 19 Sep 2023 08:14:11 +0200 Romanowicz, Tomasz; Taler, Jan; Jaremkiewicz, Magdalena; Sobota, Tomasz
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: This article deals with the problem of estimating the degree of fouling of plate heat exchangers (PHEs) used in district heating substations (where the working medium is water). A method for calculating the thermal resistance of fouling is proposed based on a comparison of the thermal resistance of a fouled and clean heat exchanger. The thermal resistance of the heat exchanger for both fouled and clean apparatuses is determined as the inverse of their overall heat transfer coefficient. In the method, the heat transfer coefficients necessary to determine the overall heat transfer coefficient of the clean exchanger are calculated using a modified Wilson method. Moreover, the heat transfer coefficients on the clean heat exchanger plates’ cold water side are determined based on experimental tests. The computational algorithm presented in this paper will make it possible to develop software to monitor and thus optimise the operation of district heating substations.]]> Tue, 19 Sep 2023 08:10:51 +0200 Knapik, Ewa; Rotko, Grzegorz; Marszałek, Marta
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: In recent years there has been a significant increase in the demand for lithium all over the world. Lithium is widely used primarily in the production of batteries for electric vehicles and portable electronic devices, and in many other industries such as production of aluminum, ceramics, glass, polymers, greases, and pharmaceuticals. In order to maintain the balance between supply and demand for lithium on the global market, it is essential to search for alternative sources of this element. Therefore, efforts are being made to obtain lithium from unconventional sources, an example of which is the recovery of lithium from oilfield brines. This article provides an up-to-date review of the literature in this particular field based on data from different sources (scientific literature databases, patent databases, company websites and industrial online newspapers). The current achievements and future perspectives for the lithium recovery from brines generated during oil and gas extraction were critically reviewed. An emphasis was placed on chemistry of lithium-contained oilfield brines, technologies (both pretreatment and direct lithium extraction) suitable for lithium recovery and industrial results obtained from pilot trials.]]> Mon, 18 Sep 2023 14:12:53 +0200 Schiff, Krzysztof
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: An m-part weighted graph with n vertices in each of its parts is used for tracking objects in multi-camera vision systems. This problem is called: The General Maximum Minimal Clique Problem. Different ant colony optimisation algorithms are presented to solve this problem. New dynamic desire functions are proposed and the results of their influence on the obtained total sum of the weight of cliques are presented. Thus the best dynamic desire functions were determined, which were determined to be better than the existing desire functions in terms of the obtained minimum sum of weights of all cliques. This problem occurs in the area of object tracking on film frames in cameras.]]> Mon, 18 Sep 2023 14:09:42 +0200 Schiff, Krzysztof
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: A graph with m vertices in each of its d sections is a d-partite graph. In sections of a d-partite graph, the vertices are not connected by any edges. Each pair of vertices from different sections is always connected by an edge. If in a d-partite graph each section has m vertices, then such a graph can be divided into m d-vertex cliques if it has all edges between each pair of vertices from different sections. If in a graph with m vertices in each section there are no edges between each pair of vertices from different sections of the graph, then such a graph cannot be divided into m cliques. Such a graph can be easily divided into cliques, but their number does not have to be the maximum number of cliques into which such a graph can be divided. So this article deals with the problem of how to divide such a graph into cliques so that their number is the maximum number of cliques. For this purpose ant algorithms without and with two different dynamic desire function were used. The achieved results were compared and discussed.]]> Mon, 18 Sep 2023 11:06:30 +0200 Yamni, Mohamed; Daoui, Achraf; Pławiak, Paweł; Mao, Haokun; Alfarraj, Osama; Abd El-Latif, Ahmed A.
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: To avoid rounding errors associated with the limited representation of significant digits when applying the floating-point Krawtchouk transform in image processing, we present an integer and reversible version of the Krawtchouk transform (IRKT). This proposed IRKT generates integer-valued coefficients within the Krawtchouk domain, seamlessly aligning with the integer representation commonly utilized in lossless image applications. Building upon the IRKT, we introduce a novel 3D reversible data hiding (RDH) algorithm designed for the secure storage and transmission of extensive medical data within the IoMT (Internet of Medical Things) sector. Through the utilization of the IRKT-based 3D RDH method, a substantial amount of additional data can be embedded into 3D carrier medical images without augmenting their original size or compromising information integrity upon data extraction. Extensive experimental evaluations substantiate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, particularly regarding its high embedding capacity, imperceptibility, and resilience against statistical attacks. The integration of this proposed algorithm into the IoMT sector furnishes enhanced security measures for the safeguarded storage and transmission of massive medical data, thereby addressing the limitations of conventional 2D RDH algorithms for medical images.]]> Mon, 18 Sep 2023 11:03:41 +0200 Pindelska, Edyta; Mogilnicki, Mateusz A.; Jaśkowska, Jolanta; Madura, Izabela D.
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Three isomers of an arylpiperazine derivative with different positioning of the amide group to the labile alkyl chain, showing varied affinity to the serotonin 5-HT1A receptor, are discussed. Using experimental studies (X-ray, NMR, and ssNMR), quantum chemical calculations (for gaseous and solid phases), and modern cheminformatics methods, the molecular and crystal structures of three regioisomers (ortho, meta, and para) were meticulously analyzed. The results showed that for the best activity, the proper positioning of the hydrogen bond active group is essential, the energy of the H-bonds, and the propensity to aromatic interactions. Crystal data, although the best tool for obtaining knowledge about the spatial distribution of active molecular fragments, most often refers to one point in space determined by the number of degrees of freedom of the molecule. In order to recognize other conformations, e.g., when performing simulations of receptor-ligand complexes, it is worth applying modern knowledge-based methods using big data (in this case, crystallographic databases). In the discussed case, the conformation of the ortho isomer found in the crystal and in the previously performed docking studies differs in terms of the amide group orientation. We were curious if we could explain this observation by analyzing the molecular and crystal structures in detail. Our studies have shown that the ortho isomer conformation in the crystal might not be optimal, and the observed intramolecular hydrogen bond with an estimated energy of approximately 30 kJ/mol, poorly represented in the entire Cambridge Structural Database, can be easily broken in a protein environment. In the crystal, this isomer forms the weakest intermolecular interactions. In comparison, the least active para isomer molecule is too prolate and creates the strongest intermolecular H-bonds between amide fragments, although the geometry of these interactions is statistically unusual. On the other hand, the meta isomer, the best of the ligands, shows medium asphericity and creates the most effective intermolecular interactions in the crystal and in the modeled ligand-receptor complex.]]> Mon, 18 Sep 2023 11:01:06 +0200 Singh, Amardeep; Mushtaq, Zohaib; Abosaq, Hamad Ali; Mursal, Salim Nasar Faraj; Irfan, Muhammad; Nowakowski, Grzegorz
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Ransomware attacks on cloud-encrypted data pose a significant risk to the security and privacy of cloud-based businesses and their consumers. We present RANSOMNET+, a state-of-the-art hybrid model that combines Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with pre-trained transformers, to efficiently take on the challenging issue of ransomware attack classification. RANSOMNET+ excels over other models because it combines the greatest features of both architectures, allowing it to capture hierarchical features and local patterns. Our findings demonstrate the exceptional capabilities of RANSOMNET+. The model had a fantastic precision of 99.5%, recall of 98.5%, and F1 score of 97.64%, and attained a training accuracy of 99.6% and a testing accuracy of 99.1%. The loss values for RANSOMNET+ were impressively low, ranging from 0.0003 to 0.0035 throughout training and testing. We tested our model against the industry standard, ResNet 50, as well as the state-of-the-art, VGG 16. RANSOMNET+ excelled over the other two models in terms of F1 score, accuracy, precision, and recall. The algorithm’s decision-making process was also illuminated by RANSOMNET+’s interpretability analysis and graphical representations. The model’s openness and usefulness were improved by the incorporation of feature distributions, outlier detection, and feature importance analysis. Finally, RANSOMNET+ is a huge improvement in cloud safety and ransomware research. As a result of its unrivaled accuracy and resilience, it provides a formidable line of defense against ransomware attacks on cloud-encrypted data, keeping sensitive information secure and ensuring the reliability of cloud-stored data. Cybersecurity professionals and cloud service providers now have a reliable tool to combat ransomware threats thanks to this research.]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 14:26:51 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 14:25:52 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 14:25:08 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 14:22:14 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 14:16:59 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 14:16:17 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 14:15:41 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 14:14:58 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 14:14:08 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 14:13:31 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 14:12:48 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 12:39:47 +0200 Smejda-Krzewicka, Aleksandra; Rybiński, Przemysław; Żukowski, Witold; Bradło, Dariusz; Wencel, Kinga; Berkowicz-Płatek, Gabriela
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: The properties of unconventional blends of crystallizable and thermo-cross-linkable polychloroprene (CR) with polybutadiene (BR) were investigated in this study. The compositions were prepared using the method of reactive processing and cross-linking in the presence of nano-sized zinc (nZn). The purpose of the research was to assess the efficacy of nano-zinc as a curing agent of polychloroprene and polybutadiene (CR/BR) composites and to obtain rubber goods characterized by increased flame resistance. The blends were filled with nano-silica (aerosil) and fillers of natural origin (chalcedonite or silitin). The cross-linking process was characterized by determining the kinetics curves, the equilibrium swelling, and the Mooney–Rivlin elasticity constants. The morphology of the vulcanizate surface was specified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The dynamic and mechanical properties, flammability, and toxicity of gaseous substances involved in thermal decomposition were determined. Mass changes and thermal effects were studied using simultaneous thermal analysis (STA). It was confirmed that nano-zinc is an efficient curing agent for the polychloroprene and polybutadiene compositions, with a satisfactory degree of cross-linking (αc = 0.10, CRI = 4.11 min−1), good mechanical strength (TSb = 5 MPa), satisfactory tear resistance (Ts = 2.9 N/mm), and very high flame resistance (OI = 30%, HRRmax = 283 kW/m2). Filled products could be used as non-combustible materials, confirming the low fire hazard (1/tflashover = 3.5–6.4 kW/m2·s). The most effective filler of the tested composites was nano-sized silica.]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 12:37:30 +0200 Schneider-Skalska, Grażyna; Sumlet, Wojciech
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: W triadzie Witruwiusza znajdujemy określenie venustas (piękno) będące jedną z trzech podstawowych cech architektury. Obcowanie z pięknem należy do istotnych po-trzeb psychicznych człowieka, a architektura towarzyszy mu nieustannie. Liczne badania pokazują świadome lub podświadome reakcje estetyczne użytkowników architektury. Środowisko mieszkaniowe jest obszarem, którego architektura, układ urbanistyczny i jakość estetyczna mają wpływ na jakość życia i zdrowie człowieka. W tym środowisku jednostka ludzka kształtuje się, mieszka, wypoczywa, a coraz częściej pracuje. W artykule określono elementy strukturalne stałe i zmienne, wpływające na jakość estetyczną środo-wiska mieszkaniowego i jakość życia. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono tzw. skali ludzkiej i elementom przyrodniczym. Wskazano szczegółowe cechy, jakie powinno mieć środowisko mieszkaniowe, z punktu widzenia estetyki i zdrowia mieszkańców. W publikacji wy-korzystano treści zawarte w książce Zrównoważone środowisko mieszkaniowe. Społeczne, oszczędne, piękne Grażyny Schneider-Skalskiej i pracy doktorskiej Skala ludzka wnętrza urbanistycznego w wielorodzinnych osiedlach mieszkaniowych Wojciecha Sumleta.]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 12:35:31 +0200 Pielichowska, Kinga; Król, Piotr; Król, Bożena; Pagacz, Joanna
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: In this paper TOPEM DSC method was employed to investigate the glass transition region of fluorinated polyurethane cationomers. Fluorinated polyurethane cationomers have been synthesised in the reaction of MDI with poly(ethylene glycol) (600) and butane1,4-diol or N-methyl- or N-butyldiethanolamine and 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-1,4-butanediol. Better rigidity was found for generally amorphous cationomer coats. It was found that introduction of fluorine compound changes thermal behaviour of polyurethane cationomers as well as leads to changes in the slope in activation diagram profiles of glass transition in comparison to polyuretahene cationomer without fluorine compound. Application of TOPEM DSC allows to obtain more information concerning frequency dependence of glass transition region and thermodynamical stability of polyurethane structures.]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 12:32:55 +0200 Zdunek, Adam; Rachowicz, Waldemar
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: A locking-free (℘ ≥ 41) pure displacement finite element (FE) formulation is compared to an inf-sup stable (℘ ≥ 2) displacement–pressure mixed FE formulation for nearly incompressible linear elasticity. The comparison is performed using numeric experiments. The recently put forward requirement of mass conservation/pressure robustness is taken into consideration. For the primary case of clamped boundary conditions, it is shown that neither the mixed formulation nor the pure displacement method is pressure robust. For the (]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 12:06:40 +0200 Kozub, B.; Pławecka, K.; Figiela, B.; Korniejenko, K.
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: The work’s primary goal is to assess the influence of the cotton fibres addition and their proportion on the strength properties and thermal conductivity of foamed geopolymer composites based on fly ash. Design/methodology/approach: Fly ash from a thermal power plant was used as the foundation material to create the geopolymer composites in this study. Volcanic silica was used as an additional source of silicon. As an additive, the recycled cotton flock was used in amounts of 0.5%, 1% and 2% by weight of dry ingredients. The density, compressive, and three-point bending strength of the created geopolymers were measured. Moreover, the thermal conductivity measurements for three temperature ranges: 0–20°C, 20–40°C, and 30–50°C for all investigated geopolymers were conducted. The structure of tested materials was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). ]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 10:06:06 +0200 Bryła, Krzysztof; Horky, Jelena
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Ultra-fine grained and even nanostructured magnesium alloys obtained by processing with methods of severe plastic deformation (SPD) are promising biomaterials for absorbable orthopaedic implants due to their enhanced mechanical properties, adequate corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. This paper presents an overview of the impact of the most important SPD methods – equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) and high-pressure torsion (HPT) – on microstructure refinement and improvement of the mechanical properties of magnesium alloys intended for medical implants. Several selected groups of magnesium alloys which have the potential for use as bioabsorbable implants are discussed. The presented results of many years of research indicate the beneficial effect of SPD methods on obtaining ultra-fine and even nanostructures of magnesium alloys with improved mechanical and better functional properties, which are necessary for bioabsorbable implants.]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 08:39:24 +0200 Michałowski, Tadeusz; Stępak, Ryszard
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: A mathematical model applicable to the determination of the equivalence point ( Ves) is described. The regression equation is (1 + V/V,)3E = Cj,,A, v’, where E is the e.m.f. corresponding to volume V of titrant added, V, is the initial volume of titrand, and A, are the regression coefficients. On the basis of Ai values obtained by the least-squares method, the algorithm for V,, and the criterion of correctness of results obtained from measurements are presented. The method is applied to titrations of chloride with silver nitrate solutions.]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 08:37:13 +0200 Latif, Muhammad Armghan; Afshan, Noor; Mushtaq, Zohaib; Khan, Nabeel Ahmed; Irfan, Muhammad; Nowakowski, Grzegorz; Alqhtani, Samar M.; Mursal, Salim; Telenyk, Sergii
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Significant yield challenges are posed by biotic stress on coffee leaves, which has a negative effect on the revenue generation of this highly utilized commodity. Numerous studies have proposed techniques for the early detection and classification of biotic stress in coffee leaves. In this study, we propose a technique called extracted feature ensemble (EFE) for classifying healthy and infected classes. Transfer learning-based convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and custom-designed features are used to improve classification performance. Under the concept of EFE, three methodologies are proposed for evaluating various extracted feature combinations and determining the effect of dimensionality on the performance of the model. In addition, a semi-segmentation approach is used to guide the extraction of informative foreground details, while non-segmented inputs are used to improve the model’s robustness against complex background noise. By improving three open-source datasets for biotic stress categorization in coffee leaves, a new dataset was created and employed. The first proposed method, ECNN, focused on the effective concatenation of five CNNs and obtained a classification accuracy of 93.45% using a decision tree classifier, exceeding the maximum individual accuracy of 86.07% from Mobile-Net v3 features. In addition, the HLGGM method was investigated, which demonstrated an enhanced accuracy of 99.16% by combining dimension-reduced Mobile-Net v3 features with handcrafted features. HLGCM, the final approach represented, aimed at extracting features from dimensionality-reduced handmade and CNN-based data, and ultimately succeeded in accomplishing an accuracy of 99.49 percent by using decision tree model. The obtained results demonstrate the efficacy of feature concatenation in enhancing the classification model’s discriminative capabilities and classification accuracy. The appropriate combination of hand-made and CNN-based features gives better accuracy and interesting insights into the effect of feature reduction on model classification efficiency. The article offers dimensionality reduction, directed learning, and feature concatenation techniques for identifying coffee leaf diseases. This work can aid in the development of computationally efficient and accurate disease control and coffee plant sustainability strategies.]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 07:37:18 +0200 Sepioł, Janusz; Turbasa, Jakub; Pyrzyk, Bartłomiej
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 07:35:48 +0200 Krupa, Anna; Tabor, Zbisław; Tarasiuk, Jacek; Strach, Beata; Pociecha, Krzysztof; Wyska, Elżbieta; Wroński, Sebastian; Łyszczarz, Ewelina; Jachowicz, Renata
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Sildenafil citrate has short biological half-life in humans. Thus, matrix tablets of controlled release were designed and prepared by compaction on the basis of hydrophilic polymers, i.e. HPMC, sodium alginate, carbomer, poloxamer and their mixtures. The impact of these polymers on sildenafil release in vitro and its pharmacokinetics in vivo was evaluated. Since drug release rate from hydrophilic matrices can be govern by the porosity of the matrix, the microstructure of tablets was studied using X-ray microcomputed tomography. 3D network of either open (percolating) or closed (non-percolating) pores was reconstructed. The tortuosity and the diameter of both kinds of pores were determined. Their spatial distribution within the matrix was analyzed in linear and radial direction. Polymer-dependent characteristics of the open pores (Ø > 2 μm) architecture was shown. The release profiles of sildenafil from matrix tablets fitted to Korsmeyer-Peppas model (r2: 0.9331–0.9993) with either Fickian diffusion or anomalous transport involved. Mean dissolution time (MDT) from tablets made of HPMC, carbomer or a mixture of HPMC and sodium alginate (2:1) was ca. 100 min, which was more than twelve times longer as compared to matrices prepared of silicified microcrystalline cellulose (MDT = 8 min). MDT correlated with the number of the open pores (Pearson's r = 0.94). Sustained release of sildenafil from ground carbomer tablets reflected in the slow absorption of the drug (tmax = 5.0 ± 1.2 h) in vivo and the relative bioavailability of 151%. Interestingly, the relative bioavailability of sildenafil from binary matrices composed of HPMC and sodium alginate (2:1) was almost four times higher than that of sildenafil alone.]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 07:32:50 +0200 Konopka, Michał; Kowalski, Zygmunt; Wzorek, Zbigniew
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Essential sorts of disinfecting agents and principles of their action have been considered in the paper. Results of research on application of washing-disinfecting liquids, containing silver nano-particles, in meat industry have been presented. It has been established that liquids characterized by very efficient bactericidal and fungicidal properties can be prepared by composition of toxically performing silver nano-particles, some degreasing agents, reducing surface tension, and frothing agents. The listed components eliminate "insulating ell eel" of fat particles in which bacteria are suspended and facilitate silver nano-parliele contact with bacteria and fungi, increasing tiiis way biochemical effect of silver nano-particles.]]> Fri, 15 Sep 2023 07:28:53 +0200 Zieliński, Piotr
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: The effect of using reclaimed asphalt pavements (RAP) to asphalt concrete mixtures besides their utilization is to reduce the amount of the new bituminous binder and aggregate added to hot mix asphalt. This publication presents studies on asphalt mixtures with an increased up to 40 % amount of RAP additive with the simultaneous use of 2 types of added bitumen, i.e. 35/50 and PMB 25/55-60. The aim of the paper is the evaluation of the basic mixture properties in a wide range of operating temperatures, as a part of the AC testing at high temperatures, the resistance to rutting at 60 °C and indirect tensile strength at 40 °C. The assessment of properties at intermediate operating temperatures is based on indirect tensile tests, including: elastic stiffness modulus at 5 °C, 15 °C and 30 °C and static strength at 25 °C. The low temperature properties have been tested in water and frost resistance tests by indirect tensile strength ratio. The results of the study were subjected to the analysis of the statistical significance of differences, which showed an improvement in the resistance of AC with the addition of RAP to the formation of permanent deformations and an increase in the stiffness modulus as well as indirect tensile strength. There was no adverse effect of the RAP additive on asphalt mixtures resistance to water and frost action.]]> Thu, 14 Sep 2023 14:46:54 +0200 Węc, Klaudia
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: This essay is devoted to the work of Father Józef Bremer. I have adopted a cognitive perspective that aims to search for what is significant in discourse, and to capture it in the perspective of the topological triangulation of the reality of the subject, showing the narrowing between the three orders of the reality of the subject in what Jacques Lacan calls RSI through the Borromean knot. I assume that the “language game” represents the action of the subject and his/her way of life in this narrowing. The reference of speaking to activity is linked to the e-social context of the production of meaning, while the reference to Lacan is linked to a new understanding of language as a tool for structuring the subject. It is this aspect that makes it possible to refer to psychoanalysis, which shows the subject as a being emerging from language, which cannot constitute unity, because it is divided between the effect of speech and desire, subjected to the power of phantasm defining the matrix of behavior, created so that the subject can “look at the world”. Psychoanalytic competences, understood as a tool of interpretation with heterogeneous value, for which no obviousness can build subjective certainty, are an inspiration for research. The reflections are also immersed in the perspective of ontological planes, which in the discourses of Wittgenstein and Lacan lead the reader through the ontology of being and the ontology of events to the ontology of concepts and the ontology of language, allowing to derive the hypothesis of combination ontology. The latter allows the ontological framework to be included so that the subject can persist in his/her being without excluding biological phenomena determining his/her (in)certainty and (in)opisescibility.]]> Thu, 14 Sep 2023 14:08:17 +0200 Rusin-Żurek, Karina; Kuciel, Stanisław; Kurańska, Maria
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: The effect of compatibilizer - ethylene-n-octene copolymer grafted with maleic anhydride (EOC-g-MAH) used in the amount of 3 wt% on tensile and flexural properties and impact strength of bioPET with the addition of 10 wt% filler derived from organic waste (egg and mollusc shells, coffee grounds) was investigated. EOC-g-MAH slightly decreased tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity, while significantly increasing impact strength (up to 426%). Moreover, ability of bioPET-based composites to dissipate mechanical energy was improved.]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 14:52:23 +0200 Porębska, Anna; Racoń-Leja, Kinga; Homiński, Bartłomiej; Barnaś, Krzysztof
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 14:49:26 +0200 Racoń-Leja, Kinga; Gyurkovich, Mateusz
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 14:43:53 +0200 Uram, Katarzyna; Prociak, Aleksander; Barczewski, Mateusz; Piasecki, Adam
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 14:42:16 +0200 Prociak, Aleksander; Kurańska, Maria; Michałowski, Sławomir; Malewska, Elżbieta; Uram, Katarzyna; Polaczek, Krzysztof; Zemła, Marcin; Kucała, Michał
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 14:40:32 +0200 Szewczykowski, Piotr; Parcheta-Szwindowska, Paulina; Czyżewski, Piotr; Cieszko, Mieczysław; Szczepański, Zbigniew; Zemła, Marcin
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 14:38:06 +0200 Malewska, Elżbieta; Kurańska, Maria; Zemła, Marcin; Kucała, Michał; Prociak, Aleksander
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 14:36:09 +0200 Bednarz, Szczepan; Mielczarek, Kacper; Wierzbicki, Samuel
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: We reported the phase separation measurements of mixtures obtained from choline, tetramethylammonium and tetraethylammonium chlorides with methacrylic (MAA), butyric (BA) and isobutyric (IBA) acids as solvents. Liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) experiments were performed under atmospheric pressure in a temperature range of 287–403 K using cloud-point method and the data were correlated with the Non-Random Two Liquid (NRTL) solution model. The density, the viscosity, the Kamlet-Taft and the solvent polarity (ET(30)) parameters were measured for coexisting liquid phases. The applicability of the obtained binary biphasic system in extraction process, particularly purification of MAA from a phenolic inhibitor, was demonstrated.]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 14:34:22 +0200 Kędzierska, Magdalena; Sala, Katarzyna; Bańkosz, Magdalena; Wroniak, Dominika; Gajda, Paweł; Potemski, Piotr; Tyliszczak, Bożena
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Hydrogel materials are used in many fields of science and industry. They are of particular importance in biomedical applications. In this work, hydrogels were obtained that could act as a dressing for wounds, at the same time being a carrier of substances with antioxidant activity. The discussed materials were obtained in the field of UV radiation. The correlation between the amount of photoinitiator used and the physicochemical properties and surface morphology of the obtained materials was investigated. In addition, the hydrogels have been incorporated with wild rose extract, which is characterized by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The analysis of the sorption capacity confirmed that the obtained material is able to absorb significant amounts of incubation fluids, which, in terms of application, will enable the absorption of exudate from the wound. The highest stability of materials was noted for hydrogels obtained with the use of intermediate amounts of photoinitiator, i.e., 50 µL and 70 µL. In the case of using 20 µL or 100 µL, the photopolymerization process did not proceed properly and the obtained material was characterized by a lack of homogeneity and high brittleness. With the increase in the amount of photoinitiator, an increase in the surface roughness of hydrogel materials was confirmed. In turn, spectroscopic analysis ruled out the degradation of materials in incubation fluids, indicating the potential for their use in biomedical applications.]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 14:32:16 +0200 Styszko, Katarzyna; Pamuła, Justyna; Pac, Agnieszka; Sochacka‑Tatara, Elżbieta
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental pollutants that are generated by the incomplete combustion of organic materials. The main anthropogenic sources of PAHs are the combustion of solid fuels for heating purposes, illegal waste incineration, road transport and industries based on fossil fuels. PAHs can easily enter the body because they are present in all elements of the environment, including water, soil, air, and food. Due to their ubiquitous presence, PAHs, may exert a harmful effect on human health. Assessing PAH exposure through biomonitoring mostly involve techniques to measure the concentration of 1-hydroxypyrene in human urine. Nevertheless, through recent progress in analytical techniques, other common metabolites of PAHs in human biospecimens can be detected. A scientific literature search was conducted to determine which hydroxy derivatives of PAHs are markers of PAHs exposure and to reveal the leading sources of these compounds. Techniques for analyzing biological samples to identify OH-PAHs are also discussed. The most frequently determined OH-PAH in human urine is 1-hydroxypyrene, the concentration of which reaches up to a dozen ng/L in urine. Apart from this compound, the most frequently determined biomarkers were naphthalene and fluorene metabolites. The highest concentrations of 1- and 2-hydroxynaphthalene, as well as 2-hydroxyfluorene, are associated with occupational exposure and reach approximately 30 ng/L in urine. High molecular weight PAH metabolites have been identified in only a few studies. To date, PAH metabolites in feces have been analyzed only in animal models for PAH exposure. The most frequently used analytical method is HPLC-FLD. However, compared to liquid chromatography, the LOD for gas chromatography methods is at least one order of magnitude lower. The hydroxy derivatives naphthalene and fluorene may also serve as indicators of PAH exposure.]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 13:12:09 +0200 Karcińska, Patrycja
rodzaj: rozprawa doktorska
Abstrakt: Praca składa się z siedmiu rozdziałów. Rozdział pierwszy pracy stanowi wstęp, w którym zawarto genezę podjęcia tematu, tezę i cele pracy, zastosowane metody badawcze i obliczeniowe oraz zakres pracy. W rozdziale drugim przedstawiono przegląd literatury z zakresu poruszanych zagadnień. Kolejny rozdział pracy dotyczy planowania zatrudnienia na budowie. Omówiono w nim wyniki badań własnych przeprowadzonych w tym zakresie wśród polskich przedsiębiorstw budowlanych. W rozdziale czwartym omówiono szczegółowo model planowania zatrudnienia w wykonawstwie budowlanym. Najpierw zaprezentowano zastosowane metody modelowania, strukturę modelu oraz schemat jego działania. Następnie scharakteryzowano dane wejściowe modelu, zastosowane funkcje przynależności wejść i wyjść, opracowaną bazę reguł, przyjętą metodę wyostrzania funkcji wynikowej oraz uzyskiwany wynik modelu. Piąty rozdział pracy został poświęcony analizie wrażliwości i weryfikacji działania modelu. Szósty rozdział rozprawy dotyczy aplikacji komputerowej, utworzonej w celu usprawnienia procesu korzystania z modelu w praktyce. W ramach tego rozdziału zaprezentowano możliwości wykorzystania modelu do wspomagania procesu harmonogramowania postępu robót budowlanych na przykładzie czterech przedsięwzięć budowlanych. W siódmym rozdziale zawarto podsumowanie pracy z wnioskami, wkładem własnym oraz perspektywami dalszego rozwoju tematu.]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 12:48:31 +0200 Dudzic-Gyurkovich, Karolina
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Access to and interaction with natural blue or green spaces is a critical factor in quality of life and overall well-being. Studies have shown that exposure to natural areas has health benefits for individuals and society. Incorporating interconnected natural ecosystems into the urban fabric is recognized as a means of building urban resilience and mitigating climate change. It is therefore essential to strengthen and expand existing networks. Mathematical measures of centrality provide a valuable approach to analyzing networks, based on the assumption that certain nodes are more central due to better connectivity. However, due to their complexity, centrality measures are not widely used in urban planning studies, and no research has been conducted in specific Polish conditions. This study aims to fill this gap by testing the usefulness of centrality measures in Krakow’s system of green spaces. The results show that there are few well-connected green areas and that the centrality measures vary. The information provided by this study can contribute to a better understanding of the spatial distribution of green spaces in Krakow and in future to better management and decision-making processes aimed at improving the accessibility of green spaces and the quality of life of residents.]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 12:37:28 +0200 Kurańska, Maria; Ptak, Mariusz; Malewska, Elżbieta; Prociak, Aleksander; Barczewski, Mateusz; Dymek, Mateusz; Fernandes, Fábio A.O.; Alves de Sousa, Ricardo; Polaczek, Krzysztof; Studniarz, Karolina; Uram, Katarzyna
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Renewable materials are materials that are replenished naturally and can be used again and again. These materials include things such as bamboo, cork, hemp, and recycled plastic. The use of renewable components helps to reduce the dependence on petrochemical resources and reduce waste. Adopting these materials in various industries such as construction, packaging, and textiles can lead to a more sustainable future and decrease the carbon footprint. The presented research describes new porous polyurethane biocomposites based on used cooking oil polyol (50 per hundred polyol–php) modified with cork (3, 6, 9, and 12 php). The research described here demonstrated that it is possible to replace some petrochemical raw materials with raw materials of renewable origin. This was achieved by replacing one of the petrochemical components used for the synthesis of the polyurethane matrix with a waste vegetable oil component. The modified foams were analyzed in terms of their apparent density, coefficient of thermal conductivity, compressive strength at 10% of deformation, brittleness, short-term water absorption, thermal stability, and water vapor permeability, while their morphology was examined using scanning electron microscopy and the content of closed cells. After the successful introduction of a bio-filler, it was found that the thermal insulation properties of the modified biomaterials were comparable to those of the reference material. It was concluded that it is possible to replace some petrochemical raw materials with raw materials of renewable origin.]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 12:34:55 +0200 Polaczek, Krzysztof; Kurańska, Maria; Malewska, Elżbieta; Czerwicka-Pach, Małgorzata; Prociak, Aleksander
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Open-cell spray polyurethane foams are widely used as highly efficient thermal insulation materials with vapor permeability and soundproofing properties. Unfortunately, for the production of commercial foams, mainly non-renewable petrochemical raw materials are used. The aim of this study was to determine the possibility of completely replacing petrochemical polyols (the main raw material used in the synthesis of polyurethanes, alongside isocyanates) with bio-polyols obtained from used cooking oils, classified as waste materials. The research consisted of three stages: the synthesis of bio-polyols, the development of polyurethane foam systems under laboratory conditions, and the testing of developed polyurethane spray systems under industrial conditions. The synthesis of the bio-polyols was carried out by using two different methods: a one-step transesterification process using triethanolamine and a two-step process of epoxidation and opening oxirane rings with diethylene glycol. The obtained bio-polyols were analyzed using gel chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The developed polyurethane foam formulations included two types of fire retardants: halogenated tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP) and halogen-free triethyl phosphate (TEP). In the formulations of polyurethane systems, reactive amine catalysts were employed, which become incorporated into the polymer matrix during foaming, significantly reducing their emission after application. The foams were manufactured on both a laboratory and industrial scale using high-pressure spray machines under conditions recommended by commercial system manufacturers: spray pressure 80–100 bar, component temperature 45–52 °C, and component volumetric ratio 1:1. The open-cell foams had apparent densities 14–21.5 kg/m3, thermal conductivity coefficients 35–38 mW/m∙K, closed-cell contents <5%, water vapor diffusion resistance factors (μ) <6, and limiting oxygen indexes 21.3–21.5%. The properties of the obtained foams were comparable to commercial materials. The developed polyurethane spray systems can be used as thermal insulation materials for insulating interior walls, attics, and ceilings.]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 11:55:17 +0200 Szarek, Kamil; Turek, Wojciech; Bratek, Łukasz; Kisiel-Dorohinicki, Marek; Byrski, Aleksander
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: Efficient solutions of the N-body problem make it possible to conduct large-scale physical research on the rules governing our universe. Vast amount of communication needed in order to make each body acquainted with the information on position of other bodies renders the accurate solutions very quickly inefficient and unreasonable. Many approximate approaches have been proposed, and the one introduced in this paper relies on actor-based concurrency, making the whole design and implementation significantly easier than using, e.g. MPI. In addition to presenting three methods, we provide the reader with tangible preliminary results that pave the way for future development of the constructed simulation system.]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 10:39:05 +0200 Kurańska, Maria; Zemła, Marcin; Kucała, Michał; Malewska, Elżbieta; Kamińska, Klaudia; Michałowski, Sławomir; Prociak, Aleksander
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 10:34:09 +0200 Bialik-Wąs, Katarzyna; Miastkowska, Małgorzata; Sycz, Anna
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 10:20:08 +0200 Łukaszewska, Izabela; Raftopoulos, Konstantinos N.; Lalik, Sebastian; Bukowczan, Artur; Marzec, Monika; Pielichowski, Krzysztof
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 10:17:04 +0200 Bukowczan, Artur; Stachak, Piotr; Pielichowski, Krzysztof
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
]]> Wed, 13 Sep 2023 09:13:07 +0200 Cheng, A.; Korniejenko, Kinga; Łach, Michał; Lin, W.T.; Chao, S.J.; Hsu, H.M.
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: This study aims to investigate the reuse of resources of the co-firing fly ashes from a bubbling fluidized boiler to produce controlled low-strength material (CLSM). First, we made a pozzolanic-activity test to confirm if the fly ash can be used as a raw material for making cementitious materials. After that we make samples of cementitious materials with the co-firing fly ashes taking different percentages of weights in them (5%, 10%, 15% and 20% for each) and use them to undergo the various tests including initial set time, slump flow, compression, X-ray diffraction experiments and SEM microstructure of mercury. The result shows that the strength activity index (SAI) of the co-firing fly ashes is greater than 75 percent of the materials that can be used as the raw materials and meet the ASTM C311 standard. The results above show that co-firing fly ashes from a bubbling fluidized bed boiler can be utilized as substitution materials for cementitious materials in the controlled low-strength materials. The best substitution percentage is 15 percent.]]> Tue, 12 Sep 2023 14:21:26 +0200 Radwan-Pragłowska, Julia; Janus, Łukasz; Galek, Tomasz; Szajna, Ernest; Sierakowska, Aleksandra; Łysiak, Karol; Tupaj, Mirosław; Bogdał, Dariusz
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: An increasing number of tooth replacement procedures ending with implant failure generates a great need for the delivery of novel biomedical solutions with appropriate mechanical characteristics that would mimic natural tissue and undergo biodegradation. This phenomenon constitutes a significant difficulty for scientists, since currently applied biomaterials dedicated for this purpose are based on stainless steel, Ti, and Ti and CoCr alloys. One of the most promising raw materials is magnesium, which has been proven to promote bone regeneration and accelerate the tissue healing process. Nevertheless, its high reactivity with body fluid components is associated with fast and difficult-to-control biocorrosion, which strongly limits the application of Mg implants as medical devices. The achievement of appropriate functionality, both physiochemical and biological, to enable the commercial use of Mg biomaterials is possible only after their superficial modification. Therefore, the obtainment of uniform, reproducible coatings increasing resistance to the aqueous environment of the human body combined with a nanostructured surface that enhances implant–cell behaviors is an extremely important issue. Herein, we present a successful strategy for the modification of Mg implants via the PEO process, resulting in the obtainment of biomaterials with lower corrosion rates and superior biological properties, such as the promotion of extracellular matrix formation and a positive impact on the proliferation of MG-63 cells. The implants were investigated regarding their chemical composition using the FT-IR and XRD methods, which revealed that MgO layer formation, as well as the incorporation of electrolyte components such as fluorine and silica, were responsible for the increased microhardness of the samples. An extensive study of the biomaterials’ morphology confirmed that successful surface modification led to a microporous structure suitable for the attachment and proliferation of cells. The three-layer nature of the newly-formed coatings, typical for PEO modification, was confirmed via cross-section analysis. A biocorrosion and biodegradation study proved that applied modification increased their resistance to body fluids. The cell culture study performed herein confirmed that the correct adjustment of modification parameters results in a lack of cytotoxicity of the magnesium implants, cell proliferation enhancement, and improvement in extracellular matrix formation.]]> Tue, 12 Sep 2023 13:11:59 +0200 Krupa, Anna; Cantin, Oriane; Strach, Beata; Wyska, Elżbieta; Tabor, Zbisław; Siepmann, Juergen; Wróbel, Andrzej; Jachowicz, Renata
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Different types of ground hot-melt extrudates loaded with 10, 20 or 30 % of the poorly water-soluble drug tadalafil were prepared and characterized in vitro and in vivo (in rats). Soluplus was used as an amorphous carrier material, whereas mannitol and lactitol were studied as crystalline matrix formers. The systems were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis coupled with quadruple mass spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray computed microtomography, in vitro drug release measurements and monitoring of drug plasma levels upon oral administration to rats. The pure drug substance and physical mixtures of tadalafil with the carrier materials were used as references. Importantly, the bioavailability of this poorly water-soluble drug could be substantially increased with the proposed formulations, and the in vitro and in vivo release rates could be effectively adjusted by choosing the appropriate type of carrier material: Whereas mannitol-based ground hot-melt extrudates rapidly released the drug and led to an early rise in drug plasma concentrations, Soluplus-based systems released tadalafil more slowly, resulting in delayed plasma peaks. These behaviors could be explained by the rapid disintegration/dissolution of the porous mannitol-based formulations, whereas Soluplus significantly swelled and the dissolved drug had to diffuse through the polymeric network prior to release. Blending these formulations can be expected to allow providing elevated drug concentrations in vivo during prolonged periods of time upon one single administration with a rapid onset of drug action.]]> Tue, 12 Sep 2023 13:10:33 +0200 Michałowski, Tadeusz; Toporek, Marcin; Kokurewicz, Katarzyna
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Zaproponowano nową metodę spektrofotometrycznego (UV-Vis) oznaczania śladowych (rzędu ppm) zawartości Mg. Do opracowania wyników zastosowano rekurencyjną metodę filtrów Kalmana. Uzyskane wyniki charakteryzują się na ogół dokładnością wynoszącą kilka procent.]]> Tue, 12 Sep 2023 12:27:28 +0200 Palacz, Magdalena; Bąk, Bolesław; Felkowski, Łukasz; Duda, Piotr; Iliev, Iliya
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Fibre optic sensors with integrated Bragg gratings are widely used in the diagnostics of machinery and equipment. They achieved their popularity thanks to their relatively simple operating principles. In addition, they allow the continuous monitoring of several variable physical parameters of objects, such as strain or temperature change, which directly translates into immediate feedback regarding potential damage. However, despite the easy-to-understand operating principle, selecting a specific type for a particular application can be problematic. This article aims to present the process of selecting the optimal set of fibre-optic sensors with integrated Bragg grating, which can be used in the process of monitoring the stress state of hanger rods of an engineering object such as an industrial boiler. The hanger rods of such boilers require constant technical supervision; however, the current measurement methods do not provide an effective and non-invasive diagnostic method. Therefore, the authors have undertaken the task of developing a universal diagnostic strategy for hanger rods. To this end, they will present the results of an analysis of the applicability of FBGs, examples of the use of different types of sensors, their installation methods, and the technical capabilities of the equipment necessary to handle the signals recorded with these sensors. Exemplary results of strain measurements of a selected hanger rod performed by the traditional method used now and with a selected FBG fibre optic sensor will be presented. In conclusion, concrete technical suggestions will be presented to be implemented in the existing industrial facility during the next part of the study.]]> Tue, 12 Sep 2023 10:23:03 +0200 Szafarczyk, Anna
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: Ground based radar interferometry is one of the currently used, remote measurement technologies allowing to determine the displacements of the monitored area. This technology use a radar operating in the microwave band, which emits a beam in the direction of the monitored area, and then after reflection processes and registers it in the form of radar image. In order to determine the value of the displacement it is necessary to perform at least two measurements on the basis of which the interferogram is generated. Changing the weather conditions between two measurements effect on the obtained values of displacements. In order to eliminate the impact of atmospheric correction the control points in the form of corner reflectors are applied. The corner reflectors give a strong reflection of radar waves and are clearly visible on the interferogram. In this example the measurements results of unstable slope movements has been presented. On its upper part, in the area considered to be stable, three control points were mounted, and from the opposite slope measurements were obtained using a ground radar interferometer obtaining totally 36 radargrams. In post processing interferograms based on one, two or three control points were generated, and for the selected area points the values of obtained displacements were summarized, which constituted the basis for assessing the impact of the weather on the measurement results.]]> Tue, 12 Sep 2023 10:16:25 +0200 Janecki, Dariusz; Michałowski, Tadeusz; Zieliński, Mieczysław
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: The paper deals with the potentiometric determination ofetidronate disodium{ED) contents as an alternative to the method recommended by United States Pharmacopeia. The method proposed is based on the curve-fitting approach related to a simplified equation for an acid-base titration curve expressed by a linear combination of hyperbolic tenns. Correlations between errors of the determination, found on the basis of different relations, are deliberated.]]> Tue, 12 Sep 2023 09:07:54 +0200 Korniejenko, Kinga; Pławecka, Kinga; Bazan, Patrycja; Figiela, Beata; Kozub, Barbara; Mróz, Katarzyna; Łach, Michał
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: This study aims to design and investigate foamed geopolymers as a green material dedicated to the circular economy. For synthesis as raw material, the main waste materials of two Polish coal mines, Wieczorek and Staszic, are applied. Additionally, various foaming methods are employed to utilize the by-product of energy production, especially the fly ash generated by the Skawina power plant. In this study, the main issues addressed are related to the selection of the most appropriate foaming agent and the optimization of the process parameters, including temperature, time, and mixture components. Hydrogen peroxide, aluminum powder, and a commercial foaming agent are selected as foaming agents in this research. During the process of sample preparation, stabilizers are applied in the form of polyglycol and cellulose. Through the conducted test, the results show that hydrogen peroxide and aluminum powder emerged as the two most optimal foaming agents.]]> Tue, 12 Sep 2023 08:21:45 +0200 Urbaniak, Magdalena; Kiedrzyńska, Edyta; Kiedrzyński, Marcin; Zieliński, Marek; Grochowalski, Adam
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Persistent organic pollutants such as polychlorinated dibenzo-pdioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are environmental contaminants that have widespread distribution and pose a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems. We conducted a study to quantify the distribution, patterns, and transport of PCDDs and PCDFs along the Pilica River in central Poland under different hydrological conditions to estimate the loads of these compounds and understand their fate in aquatic systems. Water samples were collected at five sampling points along the river that represent a range of hydrological conditions including flooding and stable and low water flows. Reduced river water flow was associated with lower average total and toxic equivalent (TEQ) concentrations of PCDDs plus PCDFs: 33.6 pg L−1 and 4.21 pg TEQ L−1 for flooding; 28.3 pg L−1 and 3.6 pg TEQ L−1 for stable flow; 18.4 pg L−1 and 1.0 pg TEQ L−1 for low-water flow. Similar results were observed for daily loadings of total and TEQ concentrations: the highest values were observed during flooding (331.1–839.4 mg d−1 and 27.8–110.7 mg TEQ d−1), medium under stable hydrological conditions (55.8–121.0 mg d−1 and 7.7–15.3 mg TEQ d−1), and the lowest values during low water flow (30.9 and 40.3 mg d−1 and 1.4–2.4 mg TEQ d−1). The results demonstrate that diffuse sources of pollution play a key role during periods of high water flow (i.e., flooding season), whereas point sources of pollution, including municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plant discharges, mainly determine the PCDD and PCDF concentrations seen during low water periods.]]> Mon, 11 Sep 2023 14:21:45 +0200 Erland, P.; Staszewski, R.; Trzebiński, M.; Kycia, R.
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: In this work, the process of elastic hadron scattering is discussed. In particular, scattering amplitudes for the various Pomeron models are compared. In addition, differential elastic cross section as a function of the scattered proton transverse momentum for unpolarised and polarised protons is presented. Finally, an implementation of the elastic scattering amplitudes into the GenEx Monte Carlo generator is discussed.]]> Mon, 11 Sep 2023 13:20:10 +0200 Anielak, Anna Maria; Styszko, Katarzyna; Kwaśny, Justyna
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: In this study, we examined the sorption of selected “chemicals of emerging concern” (CEC) on humic substances commonly found in water and municipal wastewater. These were ibuprofen, diclofenac, caffeine, carbamazepine, estrone, triclosan, bisphenol A, and isoproturon. The humic substances (HSs) were synthetic and not contaminated by the tested organic substances. The elemental composition and content of mineral micropollutants, gravimetric curves, and the IR spectrum of HSs were determined. We determined a relationship between the process efficiency and the characteristics of a sorbent and sorbate using the properties of organic substances sorbed on HSs. This relationship was confirmed by sorption tests on the HS complex, i.e., the HS-organic micropollutant. It has been shown that the given complexes have a greater affinity for hydrophobic surfaces than hydrophilic surfaces. To confirm the nature of the sorbent surfaces, we determined their zeta potential dependence on the pH of the solution. Studies have shown that HSs are carriers of both mineral substances and CEC in water and sewage environments.]]> Mon, 11 Sep 2023 13:07:00 +0200 Adamczyk, L.; Kycia, R.A.
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Balance functions have been measured in terms of relative pseudorapidity (Delta(eta)) for charged particle pairs at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider from Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 7.7 GeV to 200 GeV using the STAR detector. These results are compared with balance functions measured at the CERN Large Hadron Collider from Pb + Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV by the ALICE Collaboration. The width of the balance function decreases as the collisions become more central and as the beam energy is increased. In contrast, the widths of the balance functions calculated using shuffled events show little dependence on centrality or beam energy and are larger than the observed widths. Balance function widths calculated using events generated by UrQMD are wider than the measured widths in central collisions and show little centrality dependence. The measured widths of the balance functions in central collisions are consistent with the delayed hadronization of a deconfined quark gluon plasma (QGP). The narrowing of the balance function in central collisions at root s(NN) = 7.7 GeV implies that a QGP is still being created at this relatively low energy.]]> Mon, 11 Sep 2023 11:38:45 +0200 Chrzanowska, Agnieszka; Sokalski, Krzysztof
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Based on the Bogoliubov-Born-Green-Kirkwood-Yvon hierarchy equations a microscopic theory of binary mixtures of nematic liquid crystals has been derived. The resulting integral equations for the equilibrium single-particle distribution functions are of the Hammerstein type. The functional form of the free energy has been constructed on the basis of the state equations. A realistic soft intermolecular potential is applied to the theory. A potential for two different molecules is proposed as a function of characteristic parameters for molecules of the type A and B. A general discussion of the stability conditions is presented for both homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.]]> Mon, 11 Sep 2023 10:51:13 +0200 Bąk, Radosław; Kieć, Mariusz; Woźniak, Krystian
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: W artykule przedstawiono nowe wytyczne do projektowania zjazdów, wyjazdów i wjazdów na drogach zamiejskich i ulicach (WR-D-33), które po okresie konsultacji będą rekomendowane do stosowania przez Ministerstwo Infrastruktury. W artykule szczególną uwagę zwrócono na zjazdy wyjazdy i wjazdy zwykłe. Opisano najważniejsze aspekty projektowania połączeń zwykłych, w tym klasyfikacje połączeń w odniesieniu do obowiązujących przepisów techniczno-budowlanych.]]> Mon, 11 Sep 2023 10:48:06 +0200 Celadyn, Magdalena; Celadyn, Wacław
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: There has been a tendency in the Polish higher education system within the last 10 years to run the faculties of interior architecture, traditionally affiliated to academies of fine arts, at polytechnics, or to offer this field of study by the departments of architecture. Therefore, the students are provided with slightly diverse teaching programmes being executed within different learning environments. Due to the recognition of the detrimental impact of the building industry on the natural environment, it is necessary to employ sustainability-oriented design methods. Hence, it is essential to reflect this perspective in the curriculum of interior architecture, and where it is absent, to ensure a cohesive approach to the design methodology by both disciplines. In this article, the authors discuss the differences in teaching programmes of interior architecture and architecture in educational institutions. They pay special attention to the position of technical subjects in both types of teaching programmes, and consider sustainability as the guideline uniting architecture and interior architecture in education and in professional practice.]]> Mon, 11 Sep 2023 10:45:36 +0200 Kowalski, Zygmunt; Kulczycka, Joanna; Banach, Marcin; Makara, Agnieszka
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Measuring circular-economy progress requires indicators to examine the implementation of management systems. A complex quality indicator for assessing production systems at the circular-economy micro level was proposed. One innovative aspect of this evaluation of quality indicators is the classification of a set of sixty selected options divided into four core groups (technical, environmental, economic, and social). The second one is the use of a trimmed-mean method to summarize the individual options score into core groups and complex circular-economy indicators of analyzed production systems. The individual options were weighed according to indices defined by the professional team. Here is presented a case study of the use of developed complex quality indicators, including a comparison of two sodium tripolyphosphate production processes. The calculated indicator of the new method was higher, at 204.8%, than the indicator of the old method. This confirms the significant advantage of the new technology.]]> Mon, 11 Sep 2023 09:51:47 +0200 Larsen, Peter Gorm; Fernandes, João M.; Habel, Jacek; Lehrskov, Hanne; Vos, Richard J.C.; Wallington, Oliver; Zidek, Jan
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Most university-level engineering studies produce technically skilled engineers. However, typically students face several difficulties when working in multidisciplinary teams when they initiate their industrial careers. In a globalised world, it becomes increasingly important that engineers are capable of collaborating across disciplinary boundaries and exhibit soft competencies, like communication, interpersonal and social skills, time planning, creativity, initiative, and reflection. To prepare a group of engineering and industrial design students to acquire those capabilities, an international summer school that combined industrial design with different kinds of engineering disciplines was organised on the site of Bang & Olufsen (B&O) in Denmark. This multidisciplinary engineering summer school was attended by students from six European university-level teaching institutions and was supervised by teachers from those institutions and industrial experts from B&O. The main aim of the summer school was to allow students to work in teams, composed of students from different knowledge disciplines and with different cultural backgrounds, with the purpose of developing innovative concepts and products, within a strong industrial perspective.]]> Mon, 11 Sep 2023 09:16:26 +0200 Drabicki, Arkadiusz
rodzaj: rozprawa doktorska
Abstrakt: Thesis objective is to develop an analytical framework for modelling the effects of real-time crowding information (RTCI) in urban public transport (PT) systems. Part 1. introduces a dynamic PT model for describing the RTCI impact upon passengers’ instantaneous route choices and simulating the ensuing phenomena in the PT system. Part 2. contributes with survey-based investigation of passengers’ willingness to wait to reduce (or avoid overcrowding with RTCI on next departures from the PT stops. Part 3. develops a dynamic PT model of RTCI impact upon passengers’ instantaneous departure choices, and demonstrates the consequences of such RTCI provision during the bus bunching problem.Thesis results deliver insights into the prospective RTCI effects in urban PT networks. Chapter 2. reveals the potential of willingness to wait with RTCI to become a significant travel behaviour phenomenon in urban PT trips. Modelling outputs of chapters 1. and3. highlight the chain of events triggered in passengers’ travel choices by RTCI provision. Their application onto the real-world models of urban PT systems of Kraków and Warsaw exposes the RTCI consequences upon journey experience and operational performance. The RTCI can yield overall travel utility improvements, suppress the growth of bus bunching and mitigate the worst overcrowding effects, though with significant risks of RTCI inaccuracy.]]> Mon, 11 Sep 2023 08:56:45 +0200 Malewska, Elżbieta; Prociak, Aleksander; Kurańska, Maria; Bryk, Mirosław
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: The influence of temperature (-20°C, 0°C, 20°C and 40°C) on selected mechanical properties of flexible polyurethane foams (hardness, hysteresis, comfort factor, elasticity, permanent deformation, tensile strength) was investigated. The foaming process of the tested polyurethane compositions as well as the apparent density and cellular structure of the prepared foams were also analyzed. It has been shown that the increase in temperature significantly affects the tested mechanical properties of the foams, causing their deterioration.]]> Mon, 11 Sep 2023 08:53:23 +0200 Celarek-Kobyłczyk, Aneta
rodzaj: rozprawa doktorska
Abstrakt: Niniejsza praca dotyczy wpływu niecentrycznego usytuowania mieszadła na wielkości charakteryzujące hydrodynamikę przepływu cieczy w mieszalniku, z mieszadłem turbinowym. Badano trzy różne mieszadła, generujące różne strumienie przepływu cieczy. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono mieszadłu stożkowemu, które z racji swojej budowy, pozwala ograniczyć zjawisko tworzenia się leja wokół wału mieszadła, a w konsekwencji napowietrzania powierzchniowego mieszanej cieczy. Porównano je z najczęściej wykorzystywanymi w praktyce mieszadłami turbinowymi: tarczowym i z pochylonymi łopatkami. Mieszadła były zawieszane w niestandardowej odległości od dna zbiornika h = 0,5d.W pracy przedstawiono analizę wyników badań zarówno jakościowych jak i ilościowych. Były one prowadzone dwuetapowo. Pierwszy dotyczył szczegółowej geometrii mieszadeł stożkowych CT. Stworzono ich modele o różnych proporcjach i zbadano pod kątem tworzenia się leja i napowietrzania przezeń cieczy oraz ponoszonych nakładów energetycznych. Na podstawie tych wyników do właściwych badań wybrano mieszadło o wysokości hm/d = 0,73. Pomiary prędkości średnich oraz fluktuacyjnych wykonano za pomocą laserowego anemometru Dopplerowskiego oraz oprogramowania BSA Flow Software" firmy DANTEC. Na ich podstawie wyznaczono wydajności pompowania mieszadeł, przepływu cieczy w zbiorniku, intensywność jej turbulencji, a w połączeniu z liczbą mocy mieszania, także sprawności hydrauliczne mieszadeł. Analizowano jak wielkości te zmieniają się zależnie od typu mieszadła i jego położenia względem osi zbiornika.]]> Fri, 08 Sep 2023 12:57:51 +0200 Szarkowska, Magda
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: Tematem artykułu jest przedstawienie problematyki rewitalizacji regionu w kontekście rewaloryzacji grodzisk wczesnośredniowiecznych. Celem niniejszej pracy i prowadzonych badań jest identyfikacja oraz wskazanie problemów zdegradowanych regionów. Przedstawienie i omówienie wybranych przykładów zrealizowanych inwestycji rewaloryzacji grodzisk wczesnośredniowiecznych z oceną wpływu tych przedsięwzięć na rozwój regionu. W artykule wskazano wytyczne i założenia, które powinny spełniać koncepcje rewaloryzacji grodzisk, aby znacząco przyczyniły się do rewitalizacji danego obszaru, a więc działań dzięki którym powstają nowe obiekty chętnie odwiedzane przez turystów, generujące lokalny rozwój. Dla mieszkańców stają się one miejscem rekreacji, wydarzeń kulturalnych, podnoszących świadomość i tożsamość regionalną i narodową.]]> Fri, 08 Sep 2023 11:57:00 +0200 Kowalski, Zygmunt; Kijkowska, Regina; Pawłowska-Kozińska, Danuta; Wzorek, Zbigniew
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: Principles of new technologie al idea based on crystallisation of salts, treated as by-products for sodium pyrophosphate and tripolyphosphate production, have been presented. The salts, crystallised from orthophosphate solution obtained from concentrated wet process phosphoric acid, are mixed and calcined at a temperature proper to yield sodium pyrophosphate Na4P207 or tripolyphosphate NaSP30lO (STPP). Instead of usually applied method consisting in H3P04 + NaOH (or Na2C03) --> spry drying --> calcination, an altemative method H3P04 + NaOH (or Na2C03) --> crystallisation --> calcination can be employed. The principles of the technology with the use of orthophosphate solution made from wet-proces s phosphoric acid, taken directly form technological proces s of STPP from industrial plant have been worked out. Up to now, such solution is directed to spry dryer to obtain dry by-product ready for calcination. The wet method is considered as less energy consuming than the usually applied spry drying method. ]]> Fri, 08 Sep 2023 11:10:53 +0200 Sobczak, Agnieszka; Kowalski, Zygmunt; Wzorek, Zbigniew
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: In this work was presented method of production hydroxyapatite by thermal treatment of deproteinized and defatted bone pulp called bone sludge. Calcining process was performed in two stages. The first step of calcining process was lead at temperatures 873K within 3 hours, in achamber kiln and in air atmosphere. In the second stage obtained bone ashes were calcining at three different temperatures 1023, 1123 and 1223Kwithin 3 hours in the same kiln. Bone s1udgeand products of calcining process were characterized with thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Calcium was determined with titration whereas total phosphorus and acidsoluble phosphorus contents were determined with spectrophotomertric method. X-ray investigations confirmed that hydroxyapatite is the main component of calcining products and also XRD investigation showed that crystallization degree of hydroxyapatite increased with increase of calcining temperature. FT-IR spectra confirmed that all organie substances were removed during calcining process. Calcium and phosphorus contents was 38% and 17%, respectively,that was responded to CaIPratio of nonstechiometrie hydroxyapatite.]]> Fri, 08 Sep 2023 11:03:38 +0200 Fedorczak-Cisak, Małgorzata
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: The article presents issues related to the possibility of improving the energy efficiency of historic buildings. This group of buildings, in Poland, currently has no defined requirements for minimum energy demand values. However, taking into account the long term stra tegy of decarbonization of Europe and the Long Term Strategy for Renovation of Buildings adopted in Poland, it is necessary to develop models and procedures for thermal modernization activities of historic buildings. The group of historic buildings represe nts a very large potential for possible energy savings in the construction sector. The article presents proposals for a system approach to achieve the standard of a historic building with near zero energy demand and climate neutrality. Developed algorithms of procedure are presented, which can support the decision making process in the selection of optimal thermomodernization measures.]]> Fri, 08 Sep 2023 11:00:08 +0200 Krużel, Filip; Banaś, Krzysztof; Iacono, Mauro
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: In the present article, we describe the implementation of the finite element numerical integration algorithm for the Xeon Phi coprocessor. The coprocessor was an extension of the many-core specialized unit for calculations, and its performance was comparable with the corresponding GPUs. Its main advantages were the built-in 512-bit vector registers and the ease of transferring existing codes from traditional x86 architectures. In the article, we move the code developed for a standard CPU to the coprocessor. We compare its performance with our OpenCL implementation of the numerical integration algorithm, previously developed for GPUs. The GPU code is tuned to fit into a coprocessor by our auto-tuning mechanism. Tests included two types of tasks to solve, using two types of approximation and two types of elements. The obtained timing results allow comparing the performance of highly optimized CPU and GPU codes with a Xeon Phi coprocessor performance. This article answers whether such massively parallel architectures perform better using the CPU or GPU programming method. Furthermore, we have compared the Xeon Phi architecture and the latest available Intel’s i9 13900K CPU when writing this article. This comparison determines if the old Xeon Phi architecture remains competitive in today’s computing landscape. Our findings provide valuable insights for selecting the most suitable hardware for numerical computations and the appropriate algorithmic design.]]> Fri, 08 Sep 2023 10:42:12 +0200 Banach, Marcin; Wzorek, Zbigniew; Gorazda, Katarzyna
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: The work relates to the way of reeeiving high density sodium tripolyphosphate by ehemieal method. Semi-manufaetured produets prepared with the STPP teehnology in Z. Ch. Alwemia, were used in investigations - dry mixture of the sodium ortho- and pyrophosphates reeeived in result of spray-drying of the sodium phosphates solution. The bulk density of sodium tripolyphosphate was inereased by addition of water to the mixture of the sodium ortho- and pyrophosphates, before directing it to the ealcining process. Sampies were prepared by mixing and rubbing reaeting substanees on well-known mass ratio in the poreelain mortar. The received mix was ealcined within l hour at a temperature of 823 K in the chamber furnaee. The produet was mi11ed before the sieve analysis. The measurement of the bulk density was made for the granulated produet about well-known and exaetly definite granulation. Two variants of obtaining the "heavy" sodium tripolyphosphate were proposed. The two-stage variant allowed to obtain STPP with the bulk density about 0.850 kg/dm" on the first stage, by applying the mixture of sodium ortho- and pyrophosphates and water and on the seeond stage STPP with bulk density about 0.980 kg/dm", by applying granulated STPP from the first stage and water. The single-stage variant allows to obtain the pro duet with the bulk density about 1.05 kg/dm", by applying a dry mixture the sodium ortho- and pyrophosphates, water and subgrain of sodium tripolyphosphate (grain fraetion below 0.250 mm). Proposed methods allow to produee the granulated .Jieavy" sodium tripolyphosphate, with the bulk density in the range 0.980 - 1.05 kg/dni'. ]]> Fri, 08 Sep 2023 09:44:33 +0200 Czyczuła, Włodzimierz; Urbanek, Małgorzata
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Praca dotyczy analizy przemieszczeń wzdłużnych główki i osi szyny przy występowaniu obciążeń, jakie pojawiają się przy hamowaniu pociągu. Analiza została przeprowadzona przy użyciu numerycznego, trójwymiarowego modelu szyny. Wyniki analizy zilustrowano przykładami obliczeniowymi. Dokonano także porównania rezultatów analizy numerycznej z wynikami, uzyskanymi przy użyciu modelu analitycznego.]]> Fri, 08 Sep 2023 08:58:15 +0200 Jaworska, Irena
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: The paper discusses various formulations of the recently developed higher order Multipoint Meshless Finite Difference Method. The novel multipoint approach is based on raising the order of approximation of the unknown function by introducing additional degrees of freedom in stencil nodes, taking into account e.g. the right hand side of the considered differential equation. It improves the finite difference solution without increasing the number of nodes in an arbitrary irregular mesh. In general, the standard version of the Meshless (Generalized) FDM is based on the strong problem formulation. The extensions of the multipoint meshless FDM allow for analysis of boundary value problems posed in various weak formulations, including variational ones (Galerkin, Petrov-Galerkin), minimization of the energy functional, and the meshless local Petrov-Galerkin. Several versions of the multipoint method are proposed and examined. The paper is illustrated with some examples of the multipoint numerical tests carried out for the weak formulations and their comparison with those obtained for the strong formulation.]]> Fri, 08 Sep 2023 08:28:34 +0200 Sroka, Bartłomiej
rodzaj: rozprawa doktorska
Abstrakt: W pracy zaprezentowano opracowaną metodę priorytetowego harmonogramowania wieloobiektowych przedsięwzięć budowlanych. Na podstawie wywiadów z osobami odpowiedzialnymi za planowanie i harmonogramowanie przedsięwzięć wieloobiektowych, przeglądu literatury oraz analizy rynku przedsięwzięć wieloobiektowych wykazano braki w modelach pomocnych przy harmonogramowaniu wieloobiektowych przedsięwzięć budowlanych. W związku ze zidentyfikowanymi brakami została opracowana metoda priorytetowego harmonogramowania wieloobiektowych przedsięwzięć budowlanych, która pozwala uwzględnić ograniczenia technologiczno-organizacyjne w sposób elastyczny, na podstawie listy priorytetów. Skuteczność działania opracowanej metody została potwierdzona wielopoziomową weryfikacją i walidacją. Wykorzystując opracowaną metodę udało się zredukować koszty całkowite przedsięwzięcia średnio o ok. 3,6%, a czas o średnio ok. 0,7% przy dochowywaniu ograniczeń technologiczno-organizacyjnych w sposób priorytetowy. W pracy przedstawiono modele matematyczne oraz kody programu napisanego w języku Python. Opracowana metoda może być pomocna dla inżynierów i kierowników budowy do harmonogramowania przedsięwzięć wieloobiektowych przy uwzględnieniu ograniczeń technologiczno-organizacyjnych, ograniczeń kolejności wykonania obiektów oraz minimalizującą koszty całkowite przedsięwzięcia.]]> Fri, 08 Sep 2023 07:12:38 +0200 Krupa-Żuczek, Kinga; Bialik-Wąs, Katarzyna; Sobczak-Kupiec, Agnieszka; Piątkowski, Marek; Zimowska, Małgorzata; Tyliszczak, Bożena
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: In this article a new class of polymer dispersants, which are very important for preparation of polymer–ceramic composites is presented. The polymer matrix contains silver nanoparticles, thereby received suspensions are characterized with high antibacterial activity and low toxicity to the human organism. Hydroxyapatite (HAp), which is a ceramic material with a chemical composition similar to the mineral component of bone, was added to the colloidal solution. Ceramic biomaterials are nowadays commonly used in the biomedical field, because of their high biocompatibility and bioactivity. In the preliminary researches the effect of dispersant type on particles stabilization were investigated. For complete characterization of received dispersions the following methods were applied: viscosity and sedimentation height measurements, pH determination, X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV - VIS and IR spectroscopy.]]> Fri, 08 Sep 2023 07:11:20 +0200 Tyliszczak, Bożena; Sobczak-Kupiec, Agnieszka; Bialik-Wąs, Katarzyna; Piątkowski, Marek; Krupa-Żuczek, Kinga; Zimowska, Małgorzata
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: In this article a method of dispersion system preparation where a polymeric matrix is used as a dispersant, is presented. Stability, homogeneity and rheological properties of such systems are improved by interactions with macromolecules. Therefore polymeric materials are more and more frequently used for production of ceramic dispersions. In this research natural origin hydroxyapatite (HAp), which is highly bioactive and osteoconductive, is used. For that reason biomaterials based on a HAp are widely used in medicine.]]>