http://suw.biblos.pk.edu.pl/ Biblioteka Politechniki Krakowskiej lipinska@biblos.pk.edu.pl 60 Fri, 31 Mar 2023 13:29:22 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Fri, 31 Mar 2023 12:56:17 +0200 Dorota, Dariusz
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: The article concerns a problem of optimizing the execution of so-called multiprocessor tasks under the conditions of problem data uncertainty. From the implementation point of view, this is the case, where tasks require simultaneous access to many independent processors in order to realize an embedded system with increased dependability through redundancy. The uncertainty of data may concern parameters such as, for example, task execution times, task submission deadlines, number of tasks, etc., which have been perceived in this paper as a fuzzy data. Appropriate fuzzy approach has been described and analysed. There was also provided a short overview of approaches dedicated for modeling and scheduling problem solving with particular emphasis on uncertain data, especially a fuzzy approach. Starting from the deterministic off-line algorithm for multiprocessor tasks, a variant of the algorithm using fuzzy logic approach was formulated. The approach presented in this article is innovative compared to previous work focusing on uncertainty in the scheduling of multi-processor tasks. Then, the results of the experiments were presented in tables and in Gantt charts.]]> Fri, 31 Mar 2023 12:44:25 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
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]]> Fri, 31 Mar 2023 12:29:26 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
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]]> Fri, 31 Mar 2023 12:25:13 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
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]]> Fri, 31 Mar 2023 12:19:29 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
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]]> Fri, 31 Mar 2023 12:16:17 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
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]]> Fri, 31 Mar 2023 12:12:25 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
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]]> Fri, 31 Mar 2023 12:08:35 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
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]]> Fri, 31 Mar 2023 11:52:41 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
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]]> Fri, 31 Mar 2023 11:48:52 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
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]]> Fri, 31 Mar 2023 11:43:03 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
]]> Fri, 31 Mar 2023 09:20:00 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: publikacja w serwisie internetowym
]]> Thu, 30 Mar 2023 10:51:39 +0200 Gaweł, Anna; Kuciel, Stanisław; Liber-Kneć, Aneta; Mierzwiński, Dariusz
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Abstrakt: This article examines the impact of fatigue cycles on polylactide samples produced by 3D printing using the FDM method. Samples were printed in three infill degree variants: 50%, 75% and 100%. To compere the influence of infill degree on PLA properties, several tests, including the uniaxial tensile test, the low-cycle fatigue test, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were conducted. Poisson’s ratio has also been studied. Single hysteresis loops were summed to obtain the entire low-fatigue cycle. The infill of density influenced all compared mechanical parameters. The decrease in infill degree caused the reduction of Young’s modulus and shear modulus. For a 100% degree of sample infill, a higher number of transferred load cycles were observed compared to PLA with 75% and 50% of infill. Additionally, the value of the transferred cyclic load before fatigue failure and the dissipation of mechanical energy was the highest for 100% of infill. It is also worth noting that fatigue tests can positively affect the appearance of the PLA structure. Obviously, it depends on the number of load cycles and the infill density. It causes that if the goal is to transfer as much load as possible over a long period of time, the maximum filling of the printed element should be used.]]> Wed, 29 Mar 2023 10:31:13 +0200 Rizzo, Fabio; Bedon, Chiara; Mansour, Sulyman; Pistol, Aleksander; Sabbà, Maria Francesca; Flaga, Łukasz; Klaput, Renata; Foti, Dora
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Flexible roofs are sensitive to wind actions because they are light, and their deformability can induce local or global instability. In most cases, their design requires experimental wind tunnel testing to investigate the aeroelastic phenomena and the structural response under the wind. However, the reduced scale necessary in wind tunnels makes the dynamic identification of the test model difficult. Several approaches of multi-modal dynamic identification can be used, even if a specific approach is not defined for geometric nonlinear flexible roofs. Many times, the choice of the position of the sensors is affected by the unknown roof dynamics. This paper investigates the ambient vibration time-dependent accelerations for a flexible roof scaled model through Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and their spatial correlations with the purpose of analyzing the signal structure and its acquisition to perform the dynamic identification of the test model.]]> Wed, 29 Mar 2023 10:27:37 +0200 Kijania-Kontak, Magda; Winnicki, Andrzej
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: The main aim of the paper is to present a detailed analysis of the bond between high-strength steel bars SAS 670/800 and high-strength concrete. The steel bars are characterized by an increased (relative to normal steel) yield point, which is 670 MPa. The present standard for reinforced concrete structures Eurocode EC2 [2] specifies design guidelines only for steel bars with the yield stress of not more than 600 MPa. The paper presents the results of experimental tests of the bond of SAS 670/800 and EPSTAL steel bars with the diameters of 22 mm and 25 mm for concrete C60/75. The tests were carried out using the pull-out method recommended by RILEM.]]> Wed, 29 Mar 2023 09:45:52 +0200 Dresler, Ewa; Allnajar, Radwan; Jasiński, Radomir
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Abstrakt: A new, simple index for the quantitative description of steric effects was proposed based on the results of DFT calculations. This effect was connected with the disturbance of synchronicity within transition states of the model Diels-Alder reaction. The obtained results offer the possibility of predicting steric effects determined by alkyl groups for a wide range of bimolecular processes.]]> Wed, 29 Mar 2023 09:11:11 +0200 Migórski, Stanisław; Ogorzały, Justyna; Dudek, Sylwia
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Abstrakt: In this paper we study a general class of systems of strongly coupled quasi-variational–hemivariational inequalities with implicit constraints in reflexive Banach spaces. Each inequality contains a convex potential, a locally Lipschitz superpotential, and a implicit obstacle set. The solvability of the system is established based on a fixed point approach, monotonicity arguments, and nonsmooth analysis. The result generalizes several theorems on various particular cases on variational, variational–hemivariational, and quasi-variational inequalities. We illustrate the applicability of the abstract theory by a nonlinear static thermoelastic frictional contact problem with implicit obstacles for which we provide existence and regularity results.]]> Wed, 29 Mar 2023 08:55:16 +0200 Kołodziejczyk, Katarzyna; Rutkowska, Agnieszka
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Abstrakt: The proper assessment of design rainfalls with long return periods is very important because they are inputs for many flood studies. In this paper, estimations are performed on daily design rainfall totals from 16 meteorological stations located in the area of the Upper Vistula River Basin (UVB), Poland. The study material consists of a historical series of daily rainfall totals from the period of 1960–2021. The peak over threshold (POT) method is used, and the rainfall depth over threshold is assumed to follow the generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) with parameters estimated from Hill statistics. Alternatively, the competitive method based on annual maxima (AM) is applied. The theoretical distribution of AM is assumed to follow a theoretical distribution function selected by using the Akaike information criterion (AIC) from a family of seven candidate distributions, the parameters of which are estimated by using the maximum likelihood method. The two methods are compared by using the root mean square error (RMSE) and the mean deviation error (MDE) criteria. It is found that the POT-based method with GPD and Hill estimators outperform the AM-based method when considering the highest rainfall events. The confidence intervals of the design rainfalls, derived by using the Monte Carlo simulation method, reflects their large spatial diversity across the UVB. It is shown that the station’s altitude strongly correlates with the threshold, variance, and design rainfall depth of the GPD. This proves the advantage of the GPD with Hill estimates, namely that it can accurately reflect the spatial properties of rainfall and its variability in the UVB. Results can be applied in water-management applications related to floods.]]> Tue, 28 Mar 2023 13:29:42 +0200 Mazurek, Krzysztof; Drużyński, Sebastian; Kiełkowska, Urszula; Węgrzynowicz, Adam; Nowak, Anna K.; Wzorek, Zbigniew; Wróbel-Kaszanek, Adriana
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Abstrakt: In the 21st century, the development of industry and population growth have significantly increased the amount of sewage sludge produced. It is a by-product of wastewater treatment, which requires appropriate management due to biological and chemical hazards, as well as several legal regulations. The pyrolysis of sewage sludge to biochar can become an effective way to neutralise and use waste. Tests were carried out to determine the effect of pyrolysis conditions, such as time and temperature, on the properties and composition of the products obtained and the sorption capacity of the generated biochar. Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR) showed that the main components of the produced gas phase were CO2, CO, CH4 and to a lesser extent volatile organic compounds. In tar, compounds of mainly anthropogenic origin were identified using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The efficiency of obtaining biochars ranged from 44% to 50%. An increase in the pyrolysis temperature resulted in a decreased amount of biochar produced while improving its physicochemical properties. The biochar obtained at high temperatures showed the good adsorption capacity of Cu2+ (26 mg·g−1) and Zn2+ (21 mg·g−1) cations, which indicates that it can compete with similar sorbents. Adsorption of Cu2+ and Zn2+ proceeded according to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model. The biosorbent obtained from sewage sludge can be successfully used for the separation of metal cations from water and technological wastewater or be the basis for producing modified and mixed carbon sorbents.]]> Tue, 28 Mar 2023 07:01:57 +0200 Turbasa, Jakub
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]]> Tue, 28 Mar 2023 06:59:58 +0200 Waszczyszyn, Zenon
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Abstrakt: This state-of-the-art-paper is a resume of research activity of a non-formal Research Group on Artificial Neural Networks (RGANN) applications in Civil Engineering (CE). RGANN has been working at the Cracow University of Technology, Poland, since 1996 under the supervision of the author of this paper. Ten years 1996-2005 of the research and teaching activity of RGANN was reported in paper [61]. The present paper briefly reports on the activities originated in the ten year period and their continuation after 2005. The main attention is focused on new research carried out in the five year period 2006-2011. The paper discusses some selected problems which are included in fourteen supplementary papers, marked in references of these papers as published in this CAMES Special Issue. The attention is focused on: Hybrid Computational Systems, development of modifications of ANNs and methods of their learning, Bayesian neural networks and Bayesian inference methods, damage identification in CE structures, structure health monitoring, applications of ANNs in mechanics of structures and materials, joining of ANNs with measurements on laboratory models and real structures, development of new non-destructive measurement methods, applications of ANNs in health structure monitoring and repair, applications of ANNs in geotechnics and geodesy. The paper is based on the supplementary papers which were presented at the Special Session on Applications of ANNs at the 57th Polish Civil Engineering Conference in Krynica, 2011.]]> Mon, 27 Mar 2023 11:37:39 +0200 Hola, Emilia; Morlet-Savary, Fabrice; Lalevée, Jacques; Ortyl, Joanna
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Abstrakt: A series of eight m-terphenyl-based compounds functionalized with amino, diethylamino, piperidine, and pyrrolidine moieties were synthesized and investigated for the first time as one-component free-radical photoinitiators for acrylate and methacrylate monomers. Developed compounds were also applied as photosensitizers of iodonium salt in two-component initiating systems for free radical and cationic photopolymerization. That is why they are excellent for hybrid polymerization e.g. synthesis of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN). The mechanical properties of produced IPN samples were measured. We investigated the effect of the amine group modification and the presence of one or two bromine atoms on the photophysical and electrochemical properties of the m-terphenyls and their consequent efficiency in polymerization processes. Two bromine substituents in the molecule slightly shift the absorption spectrum towards longer wavelengths in comparison to a compound with one bromine atom. Functionalization of amine group by the introduction of alkyl moieties strongly affects absorption properties, the wavelength corresponding with the maximum absorption values increases in the following order: amine group > diethylamine group > piperidine group > pyrrolidine group. Investigated compounds were found to be efficient in photoinitiating systems for free-radical, cationic, and hybrid photopolymerization, kinetic of polymerization processes with the use of different monomers were followed using real-time FT IR methodology. Moreover, the chemical mechanism was investigated using photolysis and ESR experiments. Developed photoinitiators were also applied for laser writing experiments. In the next step, the key printing parameters were settled, the critical energy necessary to initiate polymerization (Ec) and penetration depth of curing light (Dp), and studied systems were applied for resin used for LCD-based 3d printing.]]> Mon, 27 Mar 2023 09:36:35 +0200 Egner, Halina; Egner, Władysław; Mroziński, Stanisław
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: P91 steel, which is one of the 9-12%Cr steel family members, is well suited for thick-walled pipes or forgings for the construction of boilers with extremely high operating requirements and steam generators, nuclear reactors, and other responsible devices operating at temperatures up to 6500C. High-temperature components of power plants are subjected to alternating cyclic changes in temperature and mechanical load, i.e. to thermomechanical fatigue. The commonly used fatigue life prediction models, such as the Coffin–Manson model or S–N curve-related models are based on the assumption that the response of a material experiencing low cycle fatigue loading is stabilized during some period. However, for many materials, P91 steel among them, such a stabilized state is hardly observed. In the case of such non-stabilizing steels, the common challenges are selecting and performing a suitable set of experimental tests to recognize various aspects of the material behavior under low-cycle thermomechanical fatigue, and adjusting proper constitutive modeling reflecting the real physical phenomena taking place in the material microstructure. Additionally, during the reparation of the power plant units, the variable load is often stopped, while the constant load is maintained, causing creep, which changes the nature of the load and the durability of the objects. In such a case, predicting the fatigue life based on the commonly used fatigue characteristics may lead to divergence between the experimental and predicted results. For the tests described in the present work, the load programs include: monotonic tensile/compressive tests, creep tests, low-cycle fatigue tests, tests in which the samples were subjected to alternating fatigue and creep loads in various order, and tests in which the samples were subjected to fatigue with a dwell time in each cycle. It was observed that the creep periods alternating with the fatigue load, as well as dwell time, reduce the fatigue life. Moreover, the sequence of events in the load program influences the durability of samples. It can be concluded that the creep failure and the fatigue failure are not independent, therefore the commonly used linear damage summation concept, which is insensitive to the sequence of load events, may lead to significant differences between the results of simulations and experimental tests. Disregarding the damage caused by creep in durability calculations may lead to significantly erroneous predictions.]]> Sat, 25 Mar 2023 11:12:44 +0100 Śliwa-Wieczorek, Klaudia; Zając, Bogusław
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
Abstrakt: PolyUrethane Flexible Joints (PUFJ) as an innovative adhesive system has been developed by a team of researchers from the Cracow University of Technology (CUT) for several years. Initially, the research focused mainly on joining masonry and reinforced concrete elements. Due to environmental concerns and climate changes, further advancement of the PUFJ system was focused on the technology development based on connecting natural materials such as wood and wood-based materials. In 2019, the cooperation of the CUT with a private company resulted in the implementation of the PUFJ system for the construction of innovative connections in a prefabricated timber frame construction of a family house near Cracow. Currently, further research are carried out focused on the complex understanding of behaviour of adhesive bond used in structural and non structural timber bonding, taking into account different species of wood (pine, spruce, beech, douglas fir) and a different thickness of the flexible adhesive layer (from 1 mm to 30 mm). The article contains the properties of the PUFJ system, describes variants of the available applications (wet application in form of liquid substance curing in time or dry application as a prefabricated bonding layers glued to the elements with a thin adhesive layer). Examples of double-lap shear connections and laminated beams made of douglas fir wood of C24 class and Sika®PS polyurethane flexible layer are presented. All specimens were constructed with three various flexible adhesive thicknesses of 1, 2 and 4 mm. The influence of elevated temperature on the load capacity of the connection and on the final deflection was tested. The tests were conducted at four temperature levels (20, 40, 60 and 80˚C).]]> Sat, 25 Mar 2023 11:09:57 +0100 Łątka, Dawid
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: The crucial task of the diagnosis of an existing masonry structure is to assess the current values of the mechanical parameters of the materials from which the structure was erected—usually bricks and mortar. The article presents the results of minor-destructive tests carried out on bed joints of three-brick-masonry prisms prepared in the laboratory. Three types of mortars used in the masonry were tested, which differ by the type and amount of binder. In order to determine mortar compression strength, three modern diagnostic methods were used: double punch test (DPT), standard penetrometric test (PT) and torque penetrometric test (TPT). Tests were carried out after 4, 12 and 90 weeks. The mortar strength determined in each of these tests was compared with the mortar reference strength determined on the beam specimen according to the methodology given in EN 1015-11. The results of the conducted tests confirmed the high usefulness of all three diagnostic methods. However, limitations in the application of the PT test were noticed—only lime mortars and weak cement–lime mortars can be tested with this method. In the case of mortars with an increased amount of cement binder, the impact energy is too low to estimate the compressive strength of the mortar in the brick wall joint. Technical limitations in the use of TPT and DPT tests were also indicated—weak lime mortars with low cohesion do not allow for obtaining reliable results. It was shown that DPT results strongly depend on two factors, specimen slenderness and mortar strength. Due to this fact, simple non-parameter conversion from mortar compressive strength according to the DPT test into mortar reference strength may lead to significant overestimation. As the results show, in newly built masonry, proper selection of diagnostic method is crucial due to the strong dependence of mortar curing dynamics on its location in the joint. This paper helps to match diagnostic techniques with the condition and type of mortar in the existing structure.]]> Fri, 24 Mar 2023 11:47:17 +0100 Szymaszek, P.; Ortyl, J.
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: Nowe pochodne 2-amino-4,6-difenylopirydyno-3-karbonitrylu zostały przebadane do roli wydajnych fluorescencyjnych sensorów do oznaczania albuminy surowicy bydlęcej (BSA) za pomocą metod spektroskopowych. W tym celu wykonano badania absorbancji i fluorescencji nowych pochodnych oraz spektrofluorymetryczne badania interakcji sensorów z BSA. Wykazano, że badane pochodne posiadają właściwości spektroskopowe umożliwiające ich potencjalne zastosowanie w roli sensorów fluorescencyjnych oraz wykazują pożądane parametry wiązania z BSA takie jak siła oddziaływania, mechanizm wygaszania fluorescencji oraz liczba miejsc wiążących.]]> Fri, 24 Mar 2023 11:31:46 +0100 Krok, D.; Tomala, W.; Ortyl, J.
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: Polimeryzacja inicjowana światłem, czyli fotopolimeryzacja cieszy się obecnie dużym zainteresowaniem wśród naukowców z racji tego, że procesy indukowane światłem mają bardzo wiele praktycznych zastosowań nie tylko w przemyśle, ale również w medycynie czy inżynierii tkankowej. Nie należy zapominać o niezwykle prężnie rozwijającej się dziedzinie związanej z tworzeniem modeli trójwymiarowych, gdzie również procesy fotopolimeryzacji odgrywają ważną rolę. Dzięki wielu zaletom takim jak krótki czas obróbki, prowadzenie pomiarów w temperaturze otoczenia czy też brak konieczności użycia rozpuszczalników fotopolimeryzacja wciąż zyskuje przewagę nad innymi dotychczas stosowanymi rodzajami polimeryzacji. Praca zawiera przegląd właściwości spektroskopowych badanych pochodnych jak również wyniki badań uzyskanych podczas sprawdzenia przydatności związków pod kątem pełnienia przez nie roli fotosensybilizatorów soli jodoniowej w bimolekularnych układach inicjujących w trakcie prowadzenia procesów fotopolimeryzacji kationowej oraz rodnikowej. Po analizie wyników, wybrane układy inicjujące testowano do otrzymania wydruków 3D metodą stereolitografii (SLA).]]> Fri, 24 Mar 2023 11:03:05 +0100 Białkiewicz, Andrzej
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
]]> Fri, 24 Mar 2023 09:21:28 +0100 Jankowska, M.
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: Celem niniejszej pracy było zbadanie właściwości spektroskopowych pochodnych 1,2,3,4,5-pentafluoro-6-[(E)-styrylo]benzenu oraz ich przydatności do roli fotosensybilizatorów, a tym samym do roli dwuskładnikowych fotoinicjatorów polimeryzacji kationowej przy zastosowaniu źródeł światła z zakresu UV/Vis. Przeprowadzone badania miały na celu określenie przydatności opracowanych systemów dwuskładnikowych do inicjowania fotopolimeryzacji kationowej. Do monitorowania kinetyki reakcji fotopolimeryzacji zastosowano spektroskopię w podczerwieni z transformacją Fouriera (real-time FT-IR), metoda ta pozwoliła na wyznaczenie stopnia konwersji grup funkcyjnych monomeru w funkcji czasu.]]> Fri, 24 Mar 2023 08:59:06 +0100 Śliwa-Wieczorek, Klaudia; Zając, Bogusław
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: PolyUrethane Flexible Joints (PUFJ) as an innovative adhesive system has been developed by a team of researchers from the Cracow University of Technology (CUT) for several years. Initially, the research focused mainly on joining masonry and reinforced concrete elements. Due to environmental concerns and climate changes, further advancement of the PUFJ system was focused on the technology development based on connecting natural materials such as wood and wood-based materials. In 2019, the cooperation of the CUT with a private company resulted in the implementation of the PUFJ system for the construction of innovative connections in a prefabricated timber frame construction of a family house near Cracow. Currently, further research are carried out focused on the complex understanding of behaviour of adhesive bond used in structural and non-structural timber bonding, taking into account different species of wood (pine, spruce, beech, douglas fir) and a different thickness of the flexible adhesive layer (from 1 mm to 30 mm). The article contains the properties of the PUFJ system, describes variants of the available applications (wet application in form of liquid substance curing in time or dry application as a prefabricated bonding layers glued to the elements with a thin adhesive layer). Examples of double-lap shear connections and laminated beams made of douglas fir wood of C24 class and Sika®PS polyurethane flexible layer are presented. All specimens were constructed with three various flexible adhesive thicknesses of 1, 2 and 4 mm. The influence of elevated temperature on the load capacity of the connection and on the final deflection was tested. The tests were conducted at four temperature levels (20, 40, 60 and 80°C).]]> Fri, 24 Mar 2023 08:35:00 +0100 Środa, P.
rodzaj: rozdział/fragment książki
Abstrakt: Celem niniejszej pracy było przeprowadzenie badań monitorowania i kontroli procesów fotopolimeryzacji kationowej fotoutwardzalnych żywic polimerowych przy zastosowaniu dwóch metod spektroskopowych - real-time FTIR (Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy) oraz FPT (Fluorescence Probe Technology). W badaniach jako monomerów pochodzenia naturalnego zastosowano tlenek limonenu oraz tlenek α-pinenu. Pochodna kumaryny pełniła funkcję sondy fluorescencyjnej w metodzie FPT oraz rolę fotosensybilizatora w dwuskładnikowym układzie inicjującym proces fotopolimeryzacji. Przy wykorzystaniu metody realtime FT-IR monitorowano konwersję grup funkcyjnych badanych monomerów.]]> Thu, 23 Mar 2023 14:24:53 +0100 Liszka, Paulina; Łasocha, Marceli
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: Artykuł ma na celu przybliżenie krakowskich doświadczeń zdobytych podczas konsultacji społecznych na przykładzie trzech miejscowych planów zagospodarowania przestrzennego (dalej „plan”) oraz pozaproceduralnych konsultacji uwarunkowań do sporządzanego studium uwarunkowań i kierunków zagospodarowania przestrzennego miasta Krakowa (dalej „studium”). Tekst, oparty na dostępnych publicznie dokumentach i wynikach konsultacji społecznych, został uzupełniony o refleksje autorów odnoszące się do procedowanych obecnie propozycji zmiany ustawy o planowaniu i zagospodarowaniu przestrzennym (dalej „zmiana ustawy”).]]> Thu, 23 Mar 2023 13:46:47 +0100 Żukowski, Witold; Migas, Przemysław; Żurek, Marta; Wrona, Jan
rodzaj: artykuł w czasopiśmie
Abstrakt: The results of the n-hexane oxidation process in a fluidized bed reactor with a catalytic bed are presented. Additional baffles were located in the fluidized bed reactor, the purpose of which was to modify the flow in a way to increase the efficiency of the process, while maintaining constant values of the residence time of the reactants in the fluidized bed. The characteristics of a reactor without flow modifications and those of reactors using three types of baffles, two vertical and one of horizontal were compared. It turned out that the best results were achieved by a reactor using horizontal elements in the form of grids. Thanks to the use of a set of 3 meshes, it was possible to significantly improve the conversion of n-hexane to carbon dioxide. For example, at 350 ◦C it is possible to improve the full conversion of hexane from 85 to 97%. The oxidation efficiency is improved by reducing the size of the bubbles, which was visually confirmed. Additionally, the analysis of recorded pressure fluctuations was used to analyze flow of bubbles in the nonmodified and modified fluidized bed reactors. A relation between the recorded values of pressure fluctuations and chemical effects in the form of emissions of incomplete combustion products was shown. Baffles that improve n-hexane conversions also reduce the amplitudes of pressure fluctuations. In addition, the calculated values of bubble sizes in the reactor without modification and in the reactor modified with elements in a horizontal system are shown.]]> Thu, 23 Mar 2023 12:21:44 +0100 Wojtasik, K.; Zięba, M.; Wieczorek, J.; Cabaj, E.; Karasiński, P.
rodzaj: materiały konferencyjne w książce
]]> Thu, 23 Mar 2023 11:48:36 +0100 Turbasa, Jakub
rodzaj: książka
Abstrakt: Współczesna architektura sakralna często budzi niechęć, poczucie rozczarowania, a co najmniej dystans. Jedynie świątynie powstałe w odległej przeszłości uznawane są za artystycznie doskonałe, dostojne i sprzyjające modlitwie. Jakub Turbasa w swojej książce pokazuje, że także wśród budowli sakralnych zrealizowanych w ostatnich dekadach nie brak dzieł wybitnych i w swej wymowie głębokich. Opisując kościoły, klasztory i kaplice zaprojektowane przez architektów tej miary, co Peter Zumthor, John Pawson, Mario Botta czy Stanisław Niemczyk, autor dba o jasność i przystępność wywodu, a jednocześnie o podbudowanie go rzetelną analizą. Studia w dziedzinie architektury, doświadczenie projektowe oraz osobiste odwiedziny w opisywanych świątyniach pozwalają Turbasie odczytać symboliczne znaczenie zastosowanych w nich rozwiązań, odkryć ich odwołania do dziedzictwa minionych epok, przede wszystkim do sztuki wczesnochrześcijańskiej, a także przybliżyć motywacje towarzyszące projektantom. Zebrane w książce fotografie przekonują, że „piękno” nie jest w przypadku omawianych tu kościołów słowem na wyrost.]]> Thu, 23 Mar 2023 08:15:03 +0100 Azinović, Boris; Fanti, Riccardo; Kwiecień, Arkadiusz; Nebiolo, Flavio; Sciomenta, Martina
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]]> Thu, 23 Mar 2023 08:14:14 +0100 Fanti, Riccardo; D’Arenzo, Giuseppe; Gavrić, Igor; Kwiecień, Arkadiusz; Tannert, Thomas
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]]> Thu, 23 Mar 2023 08:13:22 +0100 Śliwa Wieczorek, Klaudia; Kwiecień, Arkadiusz; Zając, Bogusław; Rizzo, Fabio
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