Le concept de cité-jardin dans la Pologne des années 1920 : accueil, influences et héritages / Maciej Motak // W: Des cités-jardins pour le XXIe siècle : valorisation, préservation, perspectives ... więcej

Le concept de cité-jardin dans la Pologne des années 1920 : accueil, influences et héritages / Maciej Motak // W: Des cités-jardins pour le XXIe siècle : valorisation, préservation, perspectives / suivi éd.: Milena Crespo, Nöemie Maurin-Gaisne ; l'Association régionale des cités-jardins d’Île-de-France. – Marseille : Parenthèses, 2022. – S. 105-118 : fot., plany. – Bibliogr. w przypisach. – Inf. na odwrociu s. tyt. źródła: En mémoire de Jean-Pierre Respaut. – ISBN 978-2-86364-387-7

The chapter discusses the historic garden city phenomenon in Poland and the present condition of built garden cities. The article consist of three parts. The first one is a short presentation of the history ... więcej

The chapter discusses the historic garden city phenomenon in Poland and the present condition of built garden cities. The article consist of three parts. The first one is a short presentation of the history of the garden city movement in Poland – its origin, reception, progress, achievements, and dusk. The second part discusses the selected built garden cities, taking into consideration both their original plan and the present shape, the latter resulting from the further development and transformations. The traces and legacy of the original idea is noted and discussed, too. The discussed cases are the garden cities in Podkowa Leśna near Warsaw, Kolumna-Las near Lodz (central Poland) and Jasiunai near Vilnius (now Lithuania) and especially garden suburb complex built by cooperatives near the then northeast edges of Krakow (south Poland), all dating back to the 1920s. The third part contains summary which, along with the general conclusions, aims at pinpointing the more specific characteristics of the garden city movement in Poland. The garden city movement in Poland may be distinguished by: - the role of the medical doctors who first appreciated the garden city idea in Poland; - Ebenezer Howard’s influential visit to Krakow in 1912; - the political situation in the early 20th century which did not favour the new trends as by 1918 Poland was not an independent state, its territory belonging to three countries, each of various legislation and urban trends; - the slightly postponed prosperity period of the movement, which is exemplified by the finest Polish garden cities emerging only in the 1920s; - the working class being less beneficial from the garden city idea and built projects than the middle class. The chapter results from the research and findings in the national and private archives (Krakow case) and from the studies of literature and study visits (all cases).