Electrooxidation of guanine – the use in quantifying antioxidant activity and nanomolar electroanalysis

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	Dedication
	Acknowledgments
	Abstract
	Aim and scope
	Contents
	List of figures
	List of schemes
	List of tables
	Introduction
	Guanine in nature Guanine solubility DNA damage ROS production in our body ROS paradox in cancer ROS-based therapeutics in cancer Redox homeostasis regulated by enzymes in cells Guanine oxidation Antioxidants effect Antioxidants evaluation methods Modification of the electrode Polymers used to modify the electrode Conducting polymers Adsorption of Graphene and Porphyrins
	Experimental
	Guanine solubility Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) Correlation in Dynamic Light Scattering Obtaining size from the correlogram DLS sample preparation Lower size limit of DLS Upper size limit of DLS Sedimentation Number fluctuation Sample concentration overview Lower concentration limit Upper concentration limit Restricted Diffusion Particle interactions Sample preparation overview Sample dilution Diluent filtration Antioxidant evaluation Guanine electroanalysis Electrode modification Polymer characterisation Guanine trace analysis
	Results and discussion
	Guanine solubility Antioxidant evaluation Behaviour of antioxidants at pH 7 Behaviour of antioxidants at pH 9 Electrode modification for guanine analysis Guanine electroanalysis on modified electrodes Effect of scan rate on guanine oxidation The limit of detection for TD100 Other products of guanine oxidation Chronocoulometric results Region number3: Polymer, Guanine and Adenine oxidation Spectroscopic studies of citrazinic acid and its polymer Polymer obtained from citrazinic acid (TD100) Acidity determination The interaction between TD100 and guanine AFM measurements
	Conclusions
	Guanine solubility Antioxidant evaluation Guanine electroanalysis and electrode modification
	Reference