Distributed optical fibre technology provides new possibilities in structural health monitoring in comparison with traditional spot measurements, because it allows to measure selected physical quantities ... więcej

Distributed optical fibre technology provides new possibilities in structural health monitoring in comparison with traditional spot measurements, because it allows to measure selected physical quantities continuously over structural member length. The quality of information obtained about structural condition is especially important for geotechnics issues because there are many uncertainties regarding the theoretical model describing cooperation between the foundations and the substrate as well as including the values of physical parameters. Moreover, the geometry of structural members (e.g. the diameter of the piles) can be very different from design assumptions and vary along the depth depending on technology of execution. In presented case study the analysis of continuous flight auger (CFA) column was described based on the strain and temperature measurements carried out continuously over the length of 12 m. CFA columns are one of the most widely used foundation solutions because of its many advantages, but deep and precise knowledge about their structural behaviour is still insufficient and requires further research with advanced measuring tools. Distributed sensor consisted of composite rode with strain and temperature measuring optical fibres was elaborated and implemented during the pilot application within CFA column. The measurements were done during the load tests, but also in the early-age concrete, when thermal-shrinkage strains appear. The way of installation and exemplary results from selected phases of the research were presented as well as data interpretation was described and discussed hereafter. The conclusions as well as literature investigations clearly indicate that distributed optical fibre measurements, because of their many advantages and versatility, will be increasingly used in the near future in geotechnical and civil engineering applications.

Initial design decisions regarding building external envelope may have important consequences for thermal comfort and total energy demand not only for heating but also for cooling. Before reaching for ... więcej

Initial design decisions regarding building external envelope may have important consequences for thermal comfort and total energy demand not only for heating but also for cooling. Before reaching for more energy-intensive solutions, effective use of passive measures to avoid overheating is necessary. In the article, special attention was paid to the influence of external wall structure on space overheating. On the basis of monitoring results it was found that the standard thermal insulation prevented excessive energy conduction into the space on very hot days and it should not be considered as a barrier for heat dissipation. The standard opaque wall was also compared with the uncovered transparent insulation, which is in summer an intensive source of energy gains. The basic dynamic characteristics of the monitored wall were analytically analysed by means of the periodic waves method.

One of the important aspects in the implementation of new products for production in the open field is the assessment of the impact of environmental conditions on their operation. Typically thermo-climatic ... więcej

One of the important aspects in the implementation of new products for production in the open field is the assessment of the impact of environmental conditions on their operation. Typically thermo-climatic research is carried out for such project. The laboratory of Techno-climatic Research and Heavy Duty Machines of Cracow University of Technology, equipped with a large-sized thermo-climatic chamber conducts this type of research. Bearing in mind the assurance of high quality of the conducted research, the quality management system (QMS) was developed and implemented. The article describes the requirements, scope and process of obtaining a Polish Centre for Accreditation (PCA) certificate.

The subject of the article is the concept of an innovative integrated construction management process connecting Building Information Modelling (BIM) and construction equipment with unique control systems. ... więcej

The subject of the article is the concept of an innovative integrated construction management process connecting Building Information Modelling (BIM) and construction equipment with unique control systems. It would require developing an advanced software application allowing data exchange and keeping track of cost consumption, efficiency, use of building materials, as well as many other essential parameters, which would facilitate the improvement of quality of the technological process of construction works.

Reliability of transport equipment in the shaft depends, among other things, on the accuracy of the vertical foundation of the headframe together with elements of the hoisting equipment over the shaft. ... więcej

Reliability of transport equipment in the shaft depends, among other things, on the accuracy of the vertical foundation of the headframe together with elements of the hoisting equipment over the shaft. Any deviations beyond the installation and movement tolerances may cause incorrect or even dangerous operation of the hoisting equipment in the shaft. Therefore the headframe is subjected to periodic inventory measurements, which prevent the movement in the shaft and the smooth operation of the whole underground mine. The Wieliczka Salt Mine developed a project for the installation of precision Nivel 220 two-axis inclinometers on Kinga and Daniłowicz headframes. The paper summarizes the initial conclusions resulting from the first year of the system operation and indicates the directions of its development.

Considering the worldwide recognized advantages of fibre optic sensors as measuring devices in the SHM of the FRP bridges and the unique ability to measure the long range distributed strain and temperature ... więcej

Considering the worldwide recognized advantages of fibre optic sensors as measuring devices in the SHM of the FRP bridges and the unique ability to measure the long range distributed strain and temperature along the entire bridge superstructure, the distributed fibre optic sensors (DFOS) technology was chosen for the SHM system of the first Polish all-composite FRP bridge. The initial results of the SHM with the DFOS technology are the main subject of the paper. Analysis of the results obtained in the field proved the effectiveness of the distributed fibre optic sensors based on Rayleigh scattering for the SHM purposes. Wide range of practical problems related to sensor installation, fibre connection, and data processing were successfully solved in the pilot field application described in this paper. The smart DFOS sensors can ensure an acceptable measurement accuracy, thereby providing reliable strains referring to time-dependent behaviour of the FRP bridge span to assess the safety and serviceability of the all-composite bridge.

The ECLAS Conference approaches ‘Landscapes of Conflict’ in a multi-faceted way – not just about wars. We aim to spotlight places, moments and methods where conflicting interests and issues meet ... więcej

The ECLAS Conference approaches ‘Landscapes of Conflict’ in a multi-faceted way – not just about wars. We aim to spotlight places, moments and methods where conflicting interests and issues meet and intensify each other. Questions such as: Through what argumentation, expertise, knowledge and practices do landscape architects recognise, interpret and manage conflicts? When, where and how do they intervene? We investigate how opportunities can arise within or through conflicts and how this may lead to cooperation and integration.

In this paper will be presented an algorithm that allows to determine the temperature distribution in a vertical pipe through which is flowing the medium with high temperature and pressure. The method ... więcej

In this paper will be presented an algorithm that allows to determine the temperature distribution in a vertical pipe through which is flowing the medium with high temperature and pressure. The method of pipe division into control volumes presented in paper allows to determine the temperature distribution on the pipe cross-section and to determine changes in its value at the pipe height. The issue will be solved by taking into account the variability of the parameters of the material from which the pipe is made and the parameters of the fluid, depending on the temperature. The applied algorithm allows to determine the change in the value of individual parameters in time, due to which it is a useful tool for analysis of the operation of the system in the initial stage of its work, as well as with variable parameters of flow.

The paper presents different models used to determine pressure losses in two-phase flows: the homogeneous model, the Lockhart-Martinelli, the Friedel and the Chisholm phase-slip models and the Martinelli-Nelson ... więcej

The paper presents different models used to determine pressure losses in two-phase flows: the homogeneous model, the Lockhart-Martinelli, the Friedel and the Chisholm phase-slip models and the Martinelli-Nelson graphical method. The pressure losses are calculated for the evaporator of an OP-210 boiler with the output of 210×103 kg/h operating in one of the Polish power plants. The results obtained by means of the presented models are compared to each other.

Technical education should make future engineers or architects aware of the consequences resulting from material solutions taken up during the conceptual design stage. Practical skills are acquired from ... więcej

Technical education should make future engineers or architects aware of the consequences resulting from material solutions taken up during the conceptual design stage. Practical skills are acquired from birth and throughout the entire period of education, but contact with actual, practical knowledge only occurs through physical participation in a creative process. Architectural studies, with its broad curriculum as a subject stimulates imagination and broadens general and specific professional knowledge. Sculpture, freehand drawing and building structures stimulate imagination, while building construction and installations point to technological needs. Urban planning places the visions within urban space. Therefore, an aim of this article is to show that proper preparation of a technical design without contact with the actual construction of a project is most difficult or even impossible. The education of architects requires a number of stages and these are outlined. Finally, it is crucial to avoid the dangers arising from the inability to detect significant problems, otherwise they could be too numerous for a project to be completed successfully.

In this paper a method is presented how to determine the utilization of range of rotational ability of a ball joint used in a passenger automobile McPherson suspension. A portable measurement arm was used ... więcej

In this paper a method is presented how to determine the utilization of range of rotational ability of a ball joint used in a passenger automobile McPherson suspension. A portable measurement arm was used to measure some vehicle’s suspension geometry points as well as the geometry of suspension components. Based on the initial measured data a simulation model was used to estimate the real geometric parameters of the suspension and of the attachment points at the chassis. The damper module’s top mount movement as well as the stiffness characteristics of the control arm bushing allow to simulate the utilization of range of motion capability of the spherical joint as result of the suspension movement under external loads. These loads can result from pass over a bump or cornering movements. The rotational ability of the ball joint and its applied loads can be input for further stiffness analyses by making use of FEM software.

The successful course of any enterprise depends on materializing or non-risk factors. These factors affect not only the success or failure of the venture, but may also interact with each other. This paper ... więcej

The successful course of any enterprise depends on materializing or non-risk factors. These factors affect not only the success or failure of the venture, but may also interact with each other. This paper describes the interactions between the factor "low experience of labourers" and six groups of other risk factors. The results of the analysis are presented in tabular form. The work was ended with conclusions and suggestions for further scientific and research work.

In the article, the modern and innovative applications of concrete mix have been critically analyzed. The authors focused first of all on transparent concrete - LiTraCon. The article mainly analyzed its ... więcej

In the article, the modern and innovative applications of concrete mix have been critically analyzed. The authors focused first of all on transparent concrete - LiTraCon. The article mainly analyzed its technical parameters. Another modern way of using the concrete mix, which has been included in the publication, is paving stone absorbed in daylight. This material description is primarily, focused on its serviceability. Another material presented is white concrete, its advantage is the ease of colour choice. The authors also described the possibilities of using properly shaped architectural concrete as well as its unusual use in the form of doors. The entire publication concludes with a summary.

Instalacja artystyczna rozumiana jako sztuka w przestrzeni publicznej stanowi dziś atrakcyjną wizualną metodę sanacji i nowej charakteryzacji miejsc oraz krajobrazów zdegradowanych estetycznie i pozbawionych ... więcej

Instalacja artystyczna rozumiana jako sztuka w przestrzeni publicznej stanowi dziś atrakcyjną wizualną metodę sanacji i nowej charakteryzacji miejsc oraz krajobrazów zdegradowanych estetycznie i pozbawionych sensu kulturowego. Dzieła tego typu, powstające w zastanej przestrzeni publicznej, dodając kolejne konteksty i symboliczne znaczenia konstruują zupełnie nową jakość miejsca, generują emocjonalne doznania i doświadczenia odnoszącego się do kontekstu miejsca, przeszłości przodków oraz dziedzictwa kulturowego. Analiza wybranych realizacji, wyraźnie wskazuje, że instalacja artystyczna rozpatrywana jako działanie wizualne w przestrzeni publicznej, metodologicznie i warsztatowo opiera się na uprzednim rozpoznaniu i interpretacji ducha miejsca (genius locci) i jako takie działanie może stać się narzędziem służącym projekcji zapomnianej lub ukrytej przeszłości, restytucji w pamięci społecznej własnego dziedzictwa kulturowego. Świadczą o tym takie kreacje utrwalone w przestrzeni publicznej jak słynna, zrealizowana jeszcze w 1976 roku aranżacja zachowanych reliktów domu Benjamina Franklina w Filadelfii autorstwa Venturi i Rauch’a, której nieistniejąca nadziemna forma została zaznaczona w formie stalowego ażurowego szkieletu – fantomu budowli, czy też seria fenomenalnych drucianych rzeźb młodego włoskiego artysty Eduardo Tresoldi wywołującego w przestrzeni publicznej wirtualnie realistyczne formy nieistniejących historycznych budowli zabytkowych. Znany jest również krakowski przykład instalacji artystycznej na placu Bohaterów Getta w formie 70 krzeseł rzeźbionych w metalu, symbolicznie upamiętniających ofiary holokaustu. Rezultaty te dowodzą znaczenia instalacji artystycznej jako specyficznego znaku przestrzennego, który może być zarazem przekaźnikiem konkretnych treści związanych z miejscem swojej lokalizacji. We współczesnej przestrzeni publicznej istnieje wiele miejsc historycznych, które w wyniku różnorodnych transformacji pozbawione zostały charakteryzujących je artefaktów i tym samym aktualny obraz uniemożliwia kulturową identyfikację miejsca. W sytuacji, kiedy relikty tych artefaktów pozostałe w różnej formie (najczęściej stratygrafii archeologicznej) z przyczyn technicznych czy doktrynalnych nie mogą zostać wyeksponowane, instalacja artystyczna może starć się skutecznym narzędziem – projektorem ducha miejsca.

The widespread use of the virtualization paradigm in modern data centers has increased the necessity of improving the management efficiency of virtual machine allocation on physical machines (PM). Modern ... więcej

The widespread use of the virtualization paradigm in modern data centers has increased the necessity of improving the management efficiency of virtual machine allocation on physical machines (PM). Modern service providers offer a large number of virtual machine types and settings. The density of virtual machine placement per physical server also complicates the solution of this problem. Under these conditions, for solving such kind of problems, the adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA) is proposed. The proposed algorithm uses parametric and algorithmic adaptation simultaneously by selecting the values for a genetic operator’s parameters and by selecting the probabilities of applying these operators. The AGA is evaluated for the solution of virtual machine allocation problem and demonstrates efficiency compared to the classical and the controlled versions of genetic algorithm.

In Poland, issues concerning the restoration of architectural monuments are the responsibility of studies in various formulas, with diverse scopes and at different types of higher education institutions- ... więcej

In Poland, issues concerning the restoration of architectural monuments are the responsibility of studies in various formulas, with diverse scopes and at different types of higher education institutions- – from academies of agriculture, through universities of economics, universities, technical universities to higher education institutions of a typical technical and technological profile. This implies that there is a considerable need for higher education in this field of science, especially in activities related to multiple specialisations, even though these issues are not elementary fields of interest at these universities. Except for Cracow, a limited amount of time is devoted to education in this field at Faculties of Architecture as compared to practical classes in design in architecture or modern urban development. There exists no generally adopted strategy or content of curricula and each curriculum at Polish higher education institutions is different as it depends on the status, qualifications, experience as well as personal opinions of academic staff responsible for education in this respect. Paper will present several postulates concerning the teaching of conservation design in confrontation with contemporary needs and requirements of monument protection and presentation of historic values to the community as a method for gaining social support for such activities.

The article describes the research on the intake manifold for ultralight aircraft engine Vaxell 100i. It presents the actual and new redesigned manifold construction and points out the design requirements. ... więcej

The article describes the research on the intake manifold for ultralight aircraft engine Vaxell 100i. It presents the actual and new redesigned manifold construction and points out the design requirements. The results of previously made numerical simulation of air flow inside the manifold are discussed. Computer analysis confirmed the appropriateness of internal guide vanes usage to improve the uniform air distribution between cylinders. For verification, a flow bench test stand was made for multicylinder intake manifold testing. A prototype manifold was built with the possibility of guide vane adjustment. The best variant had almost 5 times better uniformity of air distribution comparing to variant without the guide vane. Flow bench results confirmed the conclusions from numerical simulations.